Nucleotidyltransferases are transferase enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., substituents of nucleotidylic acids or simply nucleoside monophosphates. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as: A-P-N + B A + B-P-N For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.They are classified under EC number 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into:
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| - Nukleotidyltransferase (de)
- Nucléotidyltransférase (fr)
- Nucleotidyltransferase (en)
- Nucleotidiltransferase (pt)
- 核苷酸基转移酶 (zh)
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| - Nukleotidyltransferasen sind Enzyme, die die Übertragung von Nukleotiden auf Zielstrukturen, beispielsweise eine wachsende Nukleinsäure-Kette, katalysieren. Typische Vertreter dieser Gruppe sind DNA-Polymerasen oder reverse Transkriptasen. Die Nukleotidyltransferasen sind zentral und unentbehrlich für die Vervielfältigung des Genoms von Lebewesen und Viren. Manche der Enzyme nehmen auch Reparaturaufgaben wahr. (de)
- Les nucléotidyltransférases sont des enzymes phosphotransférases qui agissent sur des composants des nucléotides. Dans la nomenclature EC, ils sont classifiés dans le domaine 2.7.7
* Portail de la biochimie
* Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire (fr)
- Nucleotidyltransferases are transferase enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., substituents of nucleotidylic acids or simply nucleoside monophosphates. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as: A-P-N + B A + B-P-N For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.They are classified under EC number 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into: (en)
- As nucleotidiltransferases são enzimas transferase de grupos contendo fósforo, por exemplo, substituintes de ácidos nucleotidílicos ou simplesmente monofosfatos de nucleósidos. A reação geral de transferir uma porção de monofosfato de nucleósido de A para B, pode ser escrita como: A - P - N + B A + B- P - N Por exemplo, no caso das polimerases, A é pirofosfato e B é o polinucleótido nascente. Eles são classificados sob o número CE 2.7.7 e podem ser categorizados em: (pt)
- 核苷酸转移酶(nucleotidyl transferase)是将核苷酸从一物质转移至另一物质的酶。包括末端核苷酸转移酶,DNA聚合酶,RNA聚合酶。 末端核苷酸转移酶(terminal nucleotidyl transferase) 这是一种在反应混合物中有任何碱基存在时能使DNA链在3′—OH端延伸的酶。可用于遗传载体的构建以产生同聚物粘性尾巴,以便达到将过客DNA拼接在质粒上的目的过客DNA和质粒分别有如聚腺苷酸和聚胸苷酸的互补碱基,因而易于退火并连接在一起,末端核苷酸转移酶在成年骨髓细胞中也表达,并产生免疫球蛋白的多样性。 DNA聚合酶(DNA polymerase) 原核生物的DNA聚合酶有3种,真核生物有5–6种主要DNA聚合酶,这些DNA聚合酶有聚合功能。 RNA聚合酶(RNA polymerase) (zh)
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| - Nukleotidyltransferasen sind Enzyme, die die Übertragung von Nukleotiden auf Zielstrukturen, beispielsweise eine wachsende Nukleinsäure-Kette, katalysieren. Typische Vertreter dieser Gruppe sind DNA-Polymerasen oder reverse Transkriptasen. Die Nukleotidyltransferasen sind zentral und unentbehrlich für die Vervielfältigung des Genoms von Lebewesen und Viren. Manche der Enzyme nehmen auch Reparaturaufgaben wahr. (de)
- Nucleotidyltransferases are transferase enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., substituents of nucleotidylic acids or simply nucleoside monophosphates. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as: A-P-N + B A + B-P-N For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.They are classified under EC number 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into: 1.
* Uridylyltransferases, which transfer uridylyl- groups 2.
* Adenylyltransferases, which transfer adenylyl- groups 3.
* Guanylyltransferases, which transfer guanylyl- groups 4.
* , which transfer cytidylyl- groups 5.
* , which transfer thymidylyl- groups (en)
- Les nucléotidyltransférases sont des enzymes phosphotransférases qui agissent sur des composants des nucléotides. Dans la nomenclature EC, ils sont classifiés dans le domaine 2.7.7
* Portail de la biochimie
* Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire (fr)
- As nucleotidiltransferases são enzimas transferase de grupos contendo fósforo, por exemplo, substituintes de ácidos nucleotidílicos ou simplesmente monofosfatos de nucleósidos. A reação geral de transferir uma porção de monofosfato de nucleósido de A para B, pode ser escrita como: A - P - N + B A + B- P - N Por exemplo, no caso das polimerases, A é pirofosfato e B é o polinucleótido nascente. Eles são classificados sob o número CE 2.7.7 e podem ser categorizados em: 1.
* , que transferem os grupos uridilila 2.
* , que transferem grupos adenilila 3.
* , que transferem grupos guanosina 4.
* Cititidililtransferases, que transferem os grupos citidilila 5.
* Timidililtransferases, que transferem grupos timidila (pt)
- 核苷酸转移酶(nucleotidyl transferase)是将核苷酸从一物质转移至另一物质的酶。包括末端核苷酸转移酶,DNA聚合酶,RNA聚合酶。 末端核苷酸转移酶(terminal nucleotidyl transferase) 这是一种在反应混合物中有任何碱基存在时能使DNA链在3′—OH端延伸的酶。可用于遗传载体的构建以产生同聚物粘性尾巴,以便达到将过客DNA拼接在质粒上的目的过客DNA和质粒分别有如聚腺苷酸和聚胸苷酸的互补碱基,因而易于退火并连接在一起,末端核苷酸转移酶在成年骨髓细胞中也表达,并产生免疫球蛋白的多样性。 DNA聚合酶(DNA polymerase) 原核生物的DNA聚合酶有3种,真核生物有5–6种主要DNA聚合酶,这些DNA聚合酶有聚合功能。 RNA聚合酶(RNA polymerase) 依赖于DNA的RNA聚合酶,以DNA为模板合成RNA。在原核生物中,一种聚合酶合成细胞所有RNA。真核生物RNA聚合酶有四个亚基,即α、β、β′和σ。大的β亚基在进化上是高度保守性的,它们与其他亚基一起是聚合的主要工具。原核生物RNA聚合酶的分子量约为500×103。α亚基识别启动子,β′亚基与DNA结合,而β亚基在RNA聚合作用中有活性。σ对起始转录是必要的。它通过打开DNA双螺旋以便让RNA聚合酶进行聚合作用这样一种特殊方式来起始转录的。真核生物的细胞器含有原核生物型RNA聚合酶。真核生物RNA聚合酶II约有10个亚基,所以要稍大一些。在宽广的系统发生范围内高度同源,最大的两个亚基与原核生物的β亚基相似。在真核细胞中有3种不同的依存在DNA的RNA聚合酶(I,II,III)。RNA聚合酶复制RNA病毒的基因组。这些酶与DNA聚合酶不同,没有校读功能,结果其错误发生率在每一个核苷酸10−3 至10−4 范围内,从而引起RNA病毒的极端多样性。 (zh)
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