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The Parable of the Invisible Gardener is a tale originally told by John Wisdom. It was later developed in the university debate by Antony Flew, who made several important alterations such as changing the gardeners to explorers and making the original "long neglected garden" a clearing in the jungle. It is often used to illustrate the perceived differences between assertions based on faith and assertions based on scientific evidence, and the problems associated with unfalsifiable beliefs. Flew's main claim in using the parable is that religious believers do not allow anybody to "falsify" their assertions, instead they simply change their beliefs to suit the questioner. Thus Flew concludes that religious believers cause God to "die the death of a thousand qualifications". In Flew's version,

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  • Parabola del giardiniere invisibile (it)
  • Parable of the Invisible Gardener (en)
  • Parabel van de onzichtbare tuinman (nl)
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  • La parabola del giardiniere invisibile è un racconto di John Wisdom, successivamente sviluppato, in un ampio dibattito, da Antony Flew che vi apportò alcune modifiche, tra cui la sostituzione delle due persone con due esploratori. Il racconto è spesso utilizzato per illustrare sia la differenza tra asserzioni basate sulla fede e asserzioni basate su evidenze scientifiche, sia i problemi associati con gli enunciati su credenze non falsificabili. (it)
  • The Parable of the Invisible Gardener is a tale originally told by John Wisdom. It was later developed in the university debate by Antony Flew, who made several important alterations such as changing the gardeners to explorers and making the original "long neglected garden" a clearing in the jungle. It is often used to illustrate the perceived differences between assertions based on faith and assertions based on scientific evidence, and the problems associated with unfalsifiable beliefs. Flew's main claim in using the parable is that religious believers do not allow anybody to "falsify" their assertions, instead they simply change their beliefs to suit the questioner. Thus Flew concludes that religious believers cause God to "die the death of a thousand qualifications". In Flew's version, (en)
  • De parabel van de onzichtbare tuinman (Engels: Parable of the Invisible Gardener) is een parabel bedacht door de Britse filosoof John Wisdom in zijn artikel Gods (1944) en later ook nog uitgebreid en aangepast door de filosoof Antony Flew. Deze parabel wordt vaak aangehaald om de veronderstelde verschillen aan te tonen tussen uitspraken gebaseerd op geloof en uitspraken gebaseerd op wetenschappelijk bewijs, maar ook op het probleem van het gebrek aan falsifieerbaarheid van sommige uitspraken te illustreren. Het voornaamste punt van deze parabel is dat gelovigen het niet toestaan dat hun geloofsartikelen worden weerlegd of gefalsifieerd. In plaats daarvan veranderen ze hun overtuigingen om de tegenwerpingen tegemoet te komen. Het verhaal gaat als volgt: (nl)
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  • The Parable of the Invisible Gardener is a tale originally told by John Wisdom. It was later developed in the university debate by Antony Flew, who made several important alterations such as changing the gardeners to explorers and making the original "long neglected garden" a clearing in the jungle. It is often used to illustrate the perceived differences between assertions based on faith and assertions based on scientific evidence, and the problems associated with unfalsifiable beliefs. Flew's main claim in using the parable is that religious believers do not allow anybody to "falsify" their assertions, instead they simply change their beliefs to suit the questioner. Thus Flew concludes that religious believers cause God to "die the death of a thousand qualifications". In Flew's version, the tale runs as follows: Once upon a time two explorers came upon a clearing in the jungle. In the clearing were growing many flowers and many weeds. One explorer says, "Some gardener must tend this plot." The other disagrees, "There is no gardener." So they pitch their tents and set a watch. No gardener is ever seen. "But perhaps he is an invisible gardener." So they set up a barbed-wire fence. They electrify it. They patrol with bloodhounds. (For they remember how H. G. Well's The Invisible Man could be both smelt and touched though he could not be seen.) But no shrieks ever suggest that some intruder has received a shock. No movements of the wire ever betray an invisible climber. The bloodhounds never give cry. Yet still the Believer is not convinced. "But there is a gardener, invisible, intangible, insensible to electric shocks, a gardener who has no scent and makes no sound, a gardener who comes secretly to look after the garden which he loves." At last the Skeptic despairs, "But what remains of your original assertion? Just how does what you call an invisible, intangible, eternally elusive gardener differ from an imaginary gardener or even from no gardener at all?" (en)
  • La parabola del giardiniere invisibile è un racconto di John Wisdom, successivamente sviluppato, in un ampio dibattito, da Antony Flew che vi apportò alcune modifiche, tra cui la sostituzione delle due persone con due esploratori. Il racconto è spesso utilizzato per illustrare sia la differenza tra asserzioni basate sulla fede e asserzioni basate su evidenze scientifiche, sia i problemi associati con gli enunciati su credenze non falsificabili. (it)
  • De parabel van de onzichtbare tuinman (Engels: Parable of the Invisible Gardener) is een parabel bedacht door de Britse filosoof John Wisdom in zijn artikel Gods (1944) en later ook nog uitgebreid en aangepast door de filosoof Antony Flew. Deze parabel wordt vaak aangehaald om de veronderstelde verschillen aan te tonen tussen uitspraken gebaseerd op geloof en uitspraken gebaseerd op wetenschappelijk bewijs, maar ook op het probleem van het gebrek aan falsifieerbaarheid van sommige uitspraken te illustreren. Het voornaamste punt van deze parabel is dat gelovigen het niet toestaan dat hun geloofsartikelen worden weerlegd of gefalsifieerd. In plaats daarvan veranderen ze hun overtuigingen om de tegenwerpingen tegemoet te komen. Het verhaal gaat als volgt: Two people return to their long neglected garden and find, among the weeds, that a few of the old plants are surprisingly vigorous. One says to the other, 'It must be that a gardener has been coming and doing something about these weeds.' The other disagrees and an argument ensues. They pitch their tents and set a watch. No gardener is ever seen. The believer wonders if there is an invisible gardener, so they patrol with bloodhounds but the bloodhounds never give a cry. Yet the believer remains unconvinced, and insists that the gardener is invisible, has no scent and gives no sound. The skeptic doesn't agree, and asks how a so-called invisible, intangible, elusive gardener differs from an imaginary gardener, or even no gardener at all. Vertaling: Twee personen keren terug naar hun lang verwaarloosde tuin en ontdekken dat, tussen het onkruid, er nog enkele oude planten heel levendig uitzien. Daarop zegt de een tegen de ander, 'Het moet wel zo zijn dat er een tuinman is gekomen en deze plantjes heeft onderhouden.' De ander is het niet eens met hem en zo ontstaat er een meningsverschil. Ze stellen hun tenten op en laten de wacht houden. De tuinman wordt echter nooit gezien. De gelovige vraagt zich af of het hier misschien niet om een onzichtbare tuinman gaat, waarop zij beiden met bloedhonden gaan patrouilleren, maar ook de bloedhonden vinden niets. Toch blijft de gelovige voet bij stuk houden en staat er op dat het hier om een onzichtbare, geurloze en geluidsloze tuinman gaat. De scepticus is het hier niet mee eens, en vraagt hoe een zogenaamde onzichtbare, ontastbare, niet te vinden tuinman nog te onderscheiden is van een denkbeeldige tuinman, of zelfs van geheel geen tuinman. (nl)
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