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Paul Splingaerd (Brussels, 1842 - Xi'an, China, 1906) was the Belgian foundling who became an official or mandarin (bureaucrat) in the late Qing government. As both a Belgian and a Chinese mandarin, Paul acted as a liaison on various Sino-Belgian projects in the late nineteenth century. The best known are the negotiations for Belgium to build the first major railway in China, the Beijing-Hankou Railroad (Lu-Han Railway in China) and the development of a Belgian-Chinese industrial, mining and commercial enterprises in Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu province. Although better known in China where he was known by many names, including Lin Fuchen (林 輔臣), Su Pe Lin Ge Er de (斯普林格尔德), Lin Balu Lin Bao luo, Bi lishi Lin ('Belgian Lin'), Lin Darin, Lin Ta Jen, in European circles he developed the re

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  • Paul Splingaerd (it)
  • Paul Splingaerd (fr)
  • Paul Splingaerd (en)
  • Paul Splingaerd (nl)
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  • Paul Splingaerd (Brussel, 12 april 1842 – Xian, 26 september 1906) was een Belgische vondeling die in zijn latere leven een mandarijn (hoge ambtenaar) werd naar het einde van de keizerlijke Qing-dynastie. Hij fungeerde eveneens als tussenpersoon in verschillende Chinees-Belgische projecten in de late negentiende eeuw. Hoewel hij veel beroemder was in China, waar hij gekend was als Bi Lishi Lin (Belgische Lin) en onder andere namen, genoot hij ook in Europa enige bekendheid. Vele ontdekkingsreizigers, onder wie Sven Hedin, schreven over hun onverwachte ontmoetingen met de roodbebaarde Belgische mandarijn. (nl)
  • Paul Splingaerd, né à Bruxelles le 12 avril 1842 et décédé à Xi'an, Shaanxi (Chine) le 26 septembre 1906, est un Belge devenu mandarin chinois de haut rang, de la fin de la dynastie Qing. Il part pour la Chine à l'âge de 17 ans, et y accompagne tout d'abord une mission en Mongolie de la nouvelle Congrégation du Cœur Immaculé de Marie [CICM] ; puis il se lance dans le commerce des fourrures et du poil de chameau, avant d'entrer au service de Li Hongzhang - un homme d'État de tout premier plan à la fin de la dynastie Qing - pour le compte duquel il s'occupe des douanes dans le Gansu. En remerciement de ses services, Li Hongzhang le nomme mandarin à « bouton rouge », au sommet de la hiérarchie des hauts fonctionnaires de l'Empire chinois. Il termine sa carrière en Chine comme agent de Léopold (fr)
  • Paul Splingaerd (Brussels, 1842 - Xi'an, China, 1906) was the Belgian foundling who became an official or mandarin (bureaucrat) in the late Qing government. As both a Belgian and a Chinese mandarin, Paul acted as a liaison on various Sino-Belgian projects in the late nineteenth century. The best known are the negotiations for Belgium to build the first major railway in China, the Beijing-Hankou Railroad (Lu-Han Railway in China) and the development of a Belgian-Chinese industrial, mining and commercial enterprises in Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu province. Although better known in China where he was known by many names, including Lin Fuchen (林 輔臣), Su Pe Lin Ge Er de (斯普林格尔德), Lin Balu Lin Bao luo, Bi lishi Lin ('Belgian Lin'), Lin Darin, Lin Ta Jen, in European circles he developed the re (en)
  • Paul Splingaerd (Bruxelles, 12 aprile 1842 – Xi'an, 26 settembre 1906) è stato un importante mandarino cinese di alto rango, di origine belga, della fine della dinastia Qing. In quanto sia belga sia cinese, Paul ha agito come intermediario tra diversi progetti sino-belga alla fine del XIX secolo. I più noti sono le trattative con il Belgio per la costruzione della prima ferrovia in Cina (la ) e lo sviluppo di imprese belga-cinesi in ambito industriale, commerciale e minerario. Paul ha inoltre avviato le trattative per la costruzione del primo ponte di ferro sul fiume Giallo a Lanzhou, capitale della provincia di Gansu, ora noto come Qiao Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen Bridge), tuttavia morì prima che fosse costruito. (it)
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  • Paul Splingaerd (en)
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  • Paul Splingaerd (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lin-canon-grand.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ottenburg_church_G.jpg
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