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Phosphatidylglycerol is a glycerophospholipid found in pulmonary surfactant and in the plasma membrane where it directly activates lipid-gated ion channels. The general structure of phosphatidylglycerol consists of a L-glycerol 3-phosphate backbone ester-bonded to either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on carbons 1 and 2. The head group substituent glycerol is bonded through a phosphomonoester. It is the precursor of surfactant and its presence (>0.3) in the amniotic fluid of the newborn indicates fetal lung maturity.

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  • Phosphatidylglycérol (fr)
  • Phosphatidylglycerol (en)
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  • Phosphatidylglycerol is a glycerophospholipid found in pulmonary surfactant and in the plasma membrane where it directly activates lipid-gated ion channels. The general structure of phosphatidylglycerol consists of a L-glycerol 3-phosphate backbone ester-bonded to either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on carbons 1 and 2. The head group substituent glycerol is bonded through a phosphomonoester. It is the precursor of surfactant and its presence (>0.3) in the amniotic fluid of the newborn indicates fetal lung maturity. (en)
  • Un phosphatidylglycérol est un phospholipide constitué d'un acide phosphatidique lié par une liaison ester à un résidu glycérol. Ces composés sont les précurseurs du surfactant pulmonaire et leur présence dans le liquide amniotique indique la maturité pulmonaire du fœtus. Bien que leur concentration ne dépasse pas 5 % des phospholipides de cette sécrétion, ils joueraient plus particulièrement un rôle dans la dispersion du tensioactif pulmonaire sécrété par les pneumocytes de type II sur les 98 % de la surface alvéolaire occupés par les pneumocytes de type I. Le manque de phosphatidylglycérol conduit à une insuffisance respiratoire sévère. (fr)
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  • Phosphatidylglycerol is a glycerophospholipid found in pulmonary surfactant and in the plasma membrane where it directly activates lipid-gated ion channels. The general structure of phosphatidylglycerol consists of a L-glycerol 3-phosphate backbone ester-bonded to either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on carbons 1 and 2. The head group substituent glycerol is bonded through a phosphomonoester. It is the precursor of surfactant and its presence (>0.3) in the amniotic fluid of the newborn indicates fetal lung maturity. Approximately 98% of alveolar wall surface area is due to the presence of type I cells, with type II cells producing pulmonary surfactant covering around 2% of the alveolar walls. Once surfactant is secreted by the type II cells, it must be spread over the remaining type I cellular surface area. Phosphatidylglycerol is thought to be important in spreading of surfactant over the Type I cellular surface area. The major surfactant deficiency in premature infants relates to the lack of phosphatidylglycerol, even though it comprises less than 5% of pulmonary surfactant phospholipids. It is synthesized by head group exchange of a phosphatidylcholine enriched phospholipid using the enzyme phospholipase D. (en)
  • Un phosphatidylglycérol est un phospholipide constitué d'un acide phosphatidique lié par une liaison ester à un résidu glycérol. Ces composés sont les précurseurs du surfactant pulmonaire et leur présence dans le liquide amniotique indique la maturité pulmonaire du fœtus. Bien que leur concentration ne dépasse pas 5 % des phospholipides de cette sécrétion, ils joueraient plus particulièrement un rôle dans la dispersion du tensioactif pulmonaire sécrété par les pneumocytes de type II sur les 98 % de la surface alvéolaire occupés par les pneumocytes de type I. Le manque de phosphatidylglycérol conduit à une insuffisance respiratoire sévère. * Portail de la chimie * Portail de la biochimie * Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire * Portail de la médecine (fr)
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