About: Plique-à-jour

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Plique-à-jour (French for "letting in daylight") is a vitreous enamelling technique where the enamel is applied in cells, similar to cloisonné, but with no backing in the final product, so light can shine through the transparent or translucent enamel. It is in effect a miniature version of stained-glass and is considered very challenging technically: high time consumption (up to 4 months per item), with a high failure rate. The technique is similar to that of cloisonné, but using a temporary backing that after firing is dissolved by acid or rubbed away. A different technique relies solely on surface tension, for smaller areas. In Japan the technique is known as shotai-jippo (shotai shippo), and is found from the 19th century on.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	topical concept yago:Art102743547 yago:Artifact100021939 yago:Creation103129123 yago:Object100002684 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Whole100003553 yago:WikicatDecorativeArts
rdfs:label	Plique-à-jour (ca) Plique-à-jour (es) Plique-à-jour (fr) Plique-à-jour (it) Plique-à-jour (en) Plique-à-jour (pt)
rdfs:comment	Plique-à-jour (French for "letting in daylight") is a vitreous enamelling technique where the enamel is applied in cells, similar to cloisonné, but with no backing in the final product, so light can shine through the transparent or translucent enamel. It is in effect a miniature version of stained-glass and is considered very challenging technically: high time consumption (up to 4 months per item), with a high failure rate. The technique is similar to that of cloisonné, but using a temporary backing that after firing is dissolved by acid or rubbed away. A different technique relies solely on surface tension, for smaller areas. In Japan the technique is known as shotai-jippo (shotai shippo), and is found from the 19th century on. (en) Plique-à-jour é uma técnica de produção de esmaltes translucentes, dentro do campo das artes decorativas, que cria uma estrutura aberta e reluzente, feita através do molde individual dos pequenos compartimentos do metal. Popular em meados do século XIX, esta técnica requer muita habilidade, principalmente na criação de uma filigrana no metal e na aplicação posterior de brilhantes cores vidradas sobre a superfície. O trabalho de René Lalique e Peter Carl Fabergé tornaram esta técnica de molde de metal e aplicação de esmalte popular na Europa. (pt) Plique-à-jour (expressió francesa per expressar "deixar passar la llum") és una tècnica d'esmalt vitri on l'esmalt s'aplica en alvèols de forma similar al cloisonné, però sense comptar amb cap base que faci de suport, de tal forma que la llum pot travessar a través de l'esmalt transparent o translúcid. S'aconsegueix un efecte com si es tractés d'una versió en miniatura d'un vitrall i és considerada una tècnica de gran dificultat: requereix molt de temps (fins a 4 mesos per peça) i té un alt índex de fracàs. La tècnica és similar al cloisonné, però utilitzant una base provisional que després s'elimina dissolent-la amb àcid o rascant-la. En el cas de superfícies petites s'utilitza una tècnica diferent basada en la tensió superficial. Al Japó la tècnica és coneguda mentre shotai-jippo, i es c (ca) Plique-à-jour (en francés: "permitiendo que entre la luz") es una técnica de esmaltado vítreo en la cual el esmalte es aplicado en celdas, de manera similar al cloisonné, pero sin ningún material de respaldo en el producto terminado, de forma tal que la luz puede pasar a través del material transparente o translúcido. De hecho es una versión en miniatura de los vitrales y es sumamente difícil de realizar: requiere de mucho tiempo (hasta 4 meses para producir una pieza), con una elevada tasa de falla. La técnica es similar a la del cloisonné, pero utiliza un material de respaldo temporario que luego del cocido es disuelto con ácido o extraído de alguna manera. Existe otra técnica que se utiliza en sectores de pequeñas dimensiones que solo utiliza la tensión superficial. En el Japón la téc (es) Le plique-à-jour (plique-à-jour, aussi en anglais) est une technique de mise en œuvre de l'émail, semblable à celle du cloisonné, mais sans fond métallique dans son état final, de telle sorte que la lumière peut filtrer à travers l'émail transparent ou translucide. L'effet rendu est celui d'un vitrail miniature et est considéré comme techniquement difficile à obtenir en raison d'un temps important de mise en œuvre (plus de 4 mois par objet) avec un important taux d'échec. La technique est proche du cloisonné, mais comporte l'utilisation un fond temporaire, qui, après cuisson, est dissout avec de l'acide ou éliminée par grattage. Une technique différente repose uniquement sur le phénomène de tension superficielle, pour les zones plus petites. Au Japon, la technique est connu sous le nom de (fr) Plique-à-jour (francese per "aperto alla luce") è una tecnica di decorazione a smalto che prevede l'applicazione dello smalto vitreo in celle, come nel cloisonné, ma senza il fondo del supporto nel prodotto finale, per cui la luce può brillare attraverso lo smalto trasparente o traslucido.In effetti è una versione in miniatura della vetrata ed è considerato tecnicamente molto impegnativo: il lungo tempo necessario (fino a 4 mesi per articolo) e l'alta percentuale di fallimenti richiedono forza psicologica per ricominciare. La tecnica è simile a quella del cloisonné ma si utilizza un supporto temporaneo che dopo la cottura è sciolto da un acido o strofinato via. Una diversa tecnica si basa esclusivamente sulla tensione superficiale, per piccole aree. In Giappone la tecnica è conosciuta come (it)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	Vitreous enamel Artistic techniques
Wikipage page ID	27994073 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1030987327 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Mica Benvenuto Cellini René Lalique Victoria and Albert Museum Constantinople Vitreous enamel Georgia (country) Mérode Cup Cloisonné Kovsh Byzantine Empire Tiffany & Co. Vitreous enamel Lucien Gaillard Art Nouveau Artistic techniques Surface tension Pope Boniface VIII Faberge Icon Metropolitan Museum of Art Mongol invasion of Rus' Kievan Russia Saint Stephen's Crown Stained-glass dbr:Bulushoff dbr:Eugène_Feuillâtre dbr:Pavel_Ovchinikov dbr:Ivan_Khlebnikov
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://www.jstor.org/stable/3258004
sameAs	Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour Plique-à-jour
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Commons_category-inline dbt:ISBN dbt:Italic_title dbt:Reflist dbt:Unreferenced_section dbt:Use_dmy_dates

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