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Poorter (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpoːrtər]) is an historical term for a type of Dutch, or Flemish, burgher who had acquired the right to live within the walls of a city with city rights. In the Dutch Republic, this poorterrecht or poorterschap (citizenship) could be gained by paying a sum of money to, and registering, with the magistrate of the city. The payment of money was to prove that one was not poor, and that one could maintain a household. There were also religious restrictions, and numerous cities forbade Jews from attaining citizenship. An oath was also taken. Some cities also had grootburgers (grand burghers), who received more rights than normal citizens, but had to pay a higher price to acquire it. The privileges were abolished after the French invasion of the Austrian Netherland

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  • Poorter (en)
  • Poorter (it)
  • Poorter (nl)
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  • Poorter (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpoːrtər]) is an historical term for a type of Dutch, or Flemish, burgher who had acquired the right to live within the walls of a city with city rights. In the Dutch Republic, this poorterrecht or poorterschap (citizenship) could be gained by paying a sum of money to, and registering, with the magistrate of the city. The payment of money was to prove that one was not poor, and that one could maintain a household. There were also religious restrictions, and numerous cities forbade Jews from attaining citizenship. An oath was also taken. Some cities also had grootburgers (grand burghers), who received more rights than normal citizens, but had to pay a higher price to acquire it. The privileges were abolished after the French invasion of the Austrian Netherland (en)
  • Poorter (pronuncia olandese: ˈpoːrtər) è un termine storico per indicare quel tipo di cittadini olandesi o fiamminghi, appartenenti alla borghesia che avessero acquisito il diritto di vivere entro le mura di una città e che avessero anche il diritto di cittadinanza. La città d'altro canto si impegnava a difendersi al meglio tramite mura adeguate, un fossato di un certo livello e misure di sicurezza adeguate. Al calar della sera i cancelli dovevano rimanere chiusi e guardati a vista. Le chiavi della città erano nelle mani del borgomastro che le riconsegnava al capoposto il giorno successivo. (it)
  • Poorter is een in de Nederlanden voorkomende historische benaming voor een burger die zich het recht verworven had binnen de poorten van een plaats met stadsrechten te wonen en die bijzondere politieke en economische rechten genoot. Het statuut was in principe erfelijk maar kon ook worden gekocht. In dat laatste geval was voor het poorterrecht registratie nodig bij een magistraat van de stad, in Brussel bijvoorbeeld bij de amman. In de Nederlanden verdwenen de voorrechten na de Franse invasie en afschaffing van het ancien régime in 1794-1795. Er was onderscheid tussen de gewone inwoners van de stad (ingezetenen) en de poorters, die een hoger aanzien genoten vanwege hun afkomst, opleiding, inkomsten, vakmanschap enzovoorts. (nl)
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  • Poorter (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpoːrtər]) is an historical term for a type of Dutch, or Flemish, burgher who had acquired the right to live within the walls of a city with city rights. In the Dutch Republic, this poorterrecht or poorterschap (citizenship) could be gained by paying a sum of money to, and registering, with the magistrate of the city. The payment of money was to prove that one was not poor, and that one could maintain a household. There were also religious restrictions, and numerous cities forbade Jews from attaining citizenship. An oath was also taken. Some cities also had grootburgers (grand burghers), who received more rights than normal citizens, but had to pay a higher price to acquire it. The privileges were abolished after the French invasion of the Austrian Netherlands and the Dutch Republic in 1794-1795. There was a distinction between the ordinary inhabitants of the city (residents) and the poorters, who enjoyed a higher status because of their origin, education, income, craftsmanship and so on. The city would be surrounded by a city wall, and a moat, which offered safety, and protection, of a certain level, to its citizens. At nightfall, the city gates would be closed by the gate watch. The Keys to the city were handed to the Burgemeester, and returned again the next day. The entire citizenry of a city was sometimes called the Poorterij. (en)
  • Poorter (pronuncia olandese: ˈpoːrtər) è un termine storico per indicare quel tipo di cittadini olandesi o fiamminghi, appartenenti alla borghesia che avessero acquisito il diritto di vivere entro le mura di una città e che avessero anche il diritto di cittadinanza. Questa poorterrecht, o cittadinanza, poteva essere ottenuta tramite il pagamento di una somma di denaro e registrandosi presso il magistrato della città. Il pagamento della somma in denaro era la prova che il cittadino non era povero e che poteva quindi mantenere la propria casa senza gravare sulla città. Vi furono anche restrizioni religiose, e numerose furono le città che impedirono agli ebrei di ottenere la cittadinanza sino alla Rivoluzione francese. Era richiesto anche un giuramento. Alcune città disponevano anche di grootburgers (letteralmente: grandi borghesi) che ricevevano più diritti dei normali cittadini, ma dovevano pagare un prezzo ancora più alto per ottenerli. La città d'altro canto si impegnava a difendersi al meglio tramite mura adeguate, un fossato di un certo livello e misure di sicurezza adeguate. Al calar della sera i cancelli dovevano rimanere chiusi e guardati a vista. Le chiavi della città erano nelle mani del borgomastro che le riconsegnava al capoposto il giorno successivo. L'intera cittadinanza di una città era spesso chiamata Poorterij. (it)
  • Poorter is een in de Nederlanden voorkomende historische benaming voor een burger die zich het recht verworven had binnen de poorten van een plaats met stadsrechten te wonen en die bijzondere politieke en economische rechten genoot. Het statuut was in principe erfelijk maar kon ook worden gekocht. In dat laatste geval was voor het poorterrecht registratie nodig bij een magistraat van de stad, in Brussel bijvoorbeeld bij de amman. In de Nederlanden verdwenen de voorrechten na de Franse invasie en afschaffing van het ancien régime in 1794-1795. Er was onderscheid tussen de gewone inwoners van de stad (ingezetenen) en de poorters, die een hoger aanzien genoten vanwege hun afkomst, opleiding, inkomsten, vakmanschap enzovoorts. De aspirant-burger moest voor het verkrijgen van burgerrechten een zekere som geld betalen om te bewijzen dat hij niet armlastig was en in eigen onderhoud kon voorzien. Er waren religieuze restricties en in tal van steden konden Joden tot aan de Franse Revolutie geen burger worden. Ook moest hij, na betaling, een eed afleggen. Uit de stadsrekeningen van 's-Hertogenbosch blijkt dat in 1693 na het afleggen van de eed 6 guldens, 4 stuivers en 8 oortjes betaald moest worden om poorter te worden, een behoorlijk bedrag. Sommige steden, zoals Deventer, kenden ook grootburgers, die meer rechten hadden dan de gewone burgers. Ze moesten dan meer betalen.Ook kon een vrouw poorter worden door met een poorter te trouwen en werden de kinderen uit een poortershuwelijk automatisch ook poorter. De stad was omringd door een stadsmuur en een gracht en bood daarmee een zekere mate van veiligheid en bescherming aan haar burgers (poorters). 's Avonds tegen donker werden de stadspoorten gesloten door de poortwachter. De sleutels van de stad werden bij een burgemeester ingeleverd en de volgende dag weer opgehaald. De gehele burgerij van een stad werd soms poorterij genoemd. (nl)
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