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Rain fade refers primarily to the absorption of a microwave radio frequency (RF) signal by atmospheric rain, snow, or ice, and losses which are especially prevalent at frequencies above 11 GHz. It also refers to the degradation of a signal caused by the electromagnetic interference of the leading edge of a storm front. Rain fade can be caused by precipitation at the uplink or downlink location. It does not need to be raining at a location for it to be affected by rain fade, as the signal may pass through precipitation many miles away, especially if the satellite dish has a low look angle. From 5% to 20% of rain fade or satellite signal attenuation may also be caused by rain, snow, or ice on the uplink or downlink antenna reflector, radome, or feed horn. Rain fade is not limited to satellit

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  • Esfumado de lluvia (es)
  • Rain fade (en)
  • 雨致衰减 (zh)
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  • 雨致衰减(英語:rain fade, rain attenuation),简称雨衰减、雨衰,是指微波信号因大气中的雨、雪、冰导致信号减弱的现象。由雪导致的信号减弱现象称为雪衰,雨雪共同作用时则称为雨雪衰。通常频率越高,衰减越大,对于10 GHz以上的通信,就必须考虑雨衰对信号的影响。 解决雨衰的可行方法有站址分集、、信道编码、抗雨衰的纠错编码、传输速率自适应技术、业务分集。除此之外,还可以更换较大的接收天线、在接收设备上涂上疏水涂料,目前只有超疏水性的物质,如莲叶,可以抗雨、雪、冰。 (zh)
  • El esfumado de lluvia o desvanecimiento por lluvia se refiere primordialmente a la absorción de una señal de microonda de Radiofrecuencia (RF) por la lluvia atmosférica, nieve o hielo, y las pérdidas que son especialmente prevalentes en las frecuencias por encima de 11 GHz. También se refiere a la degradación de una señal causada por el interferencia electromagnética del borde de ataque de un frente de tormenta. Desvanecimiento por lluvia puede ser causada por la precipitación en el lugar de enlace ascendente o enlace descendente. Sin embargo, no necesita estar lloviendo en una ubicación para que pueda ser afectada por la atenuación por lluvia, ya que la señal puede pasar a través de la precipitación a muchos kilómetros de distancia, especialmente si la antena parabólica tiene un bajo ángu (es)
  • Rain fade refers primarily to the absorption of a microwave radio frequency (RF) signal by atmospheric rain, snow, or ice, and losses which are especially prevalent at frequencies above 11 GHz. It also refers to the degradation of a signal caused by the electromagnetic interference of the leading edge of a storm front. Rain fade can be caused by precipitation at the uplink or downlink location. It does not need to be raining at a location for it to be affected by rain fade, as the signal may pass through precipitation many miles away, especially if the satellite dish has a low look angle. From 5% to 20% of rain fade or satellite signal attenuation may also be caused by rain, snow, or ice on the uplink or downlink antenna reflector, radome, or feed horn. Rain fade is not limited to satellit (en)
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  • El esfumado de lluvia o desvanecimiento por lluvia se refiere primordialmente a la absorción de una señal de microonda de Radiofrecuencia (RF) por la lluvia atmosférica, nieve o hielo, y las pérdidas que son especialmente prevalentes en las frecuencias por encima de 11 GHz. También se refiere a la degradación de una señal causada por el interferencia electromagnética del borde de ataque de un frente de tormenta. Desvanecimiento por lluvia puede ser causada por la precipitación en el lugar de enlace ascendente o enlace descendente. Sin embargo, no necesita estar lloviendo en una ubicación para que pueda ser afectada por la atenuación por lluvia, ya que la señal puede pasar a través de la precipitación a muchos kilómetros de distancia, especialmente si la antena parabólica tiene un bajo ángulo de horizonte. Del 5 al 20 por ciento de atenuación por lluvia o atenuación de la señal satélite también puede ser causada por la lluvia, nieve o hielo en el enlace ascendente o enlace descendente reflector de la antena, radomo o cuenco de alimentación. El esfumado por lluvia no se limita a los enlaces ascendentes por satélite o enlaces descendentes, también puede afectar a un punto terrestre a un punto de enlaces de microondas (aquellos en la superficie de la tierra). Las posibles maneras de superar los efectos del esfumado por la lluvia son la , el control de potencia de enlace ascendente, , las antenas receptoras más grandes (es decir, el aumento más alto) que el tamaño requerido para las condiciones climáticas normales, y los recubrimientos hidrofóbicos. Sólo las superficies con tratamiento efecto loto superhidrófobos repelen la nieve y el hielo. (es)
  • Rain fade refers primarily to the absorption of a microwave radio frequency (RF) signal by atmospheric rain, snow, or ice, and losses which are especially prevalent at frequencies above 11 GHz. It also refers to the degradation of a signal caused by the electromagnetic interference of the leading edge of a storm front. Rain fade can be caused by precipitation at the uplink or downlink location. It does not need to be raining at a location for it to be affected by rain fade, as the signal may pass through precipitation many miles away, especially if the satellite dish has a low look angle. From 5% to 20% of rain fade or satellite signal attenuation may also be caused by rain, snow, or ice on the uplink or downlink antenna reflector, radome, or feed horn. Rain fade is not limited to satellite uplinks or downlinks, as it can also affect terrestrial point-to-point microwave links (those on the earth's surface). Rain fade is usually estimated experimentally and also can be calculated theoretically using scattering theory of raindrops. Raindrop size distribution (DSD) is an important consideration for studying rain fade characteristics. Various mathematical forms such as Gamma function, lognormal or exponential forms are usually used to model the DSD. Mie or Rayleigh scattering theory with point matching or t-matrix approach is used to calculate the scattering cross section, and specific rain attenuation. Since rain is a non-homogeneous process in both time and space, specific attenuation varies with location, time and rain type. Total rain attenuation is also dependent upon the spatial structure of rain field. Horizontal, as well as vertical, extension of rain again varies for different rain type and location. Limit of the vertical rain region is usually assumed to coincide with 0˚ isotherm and called rain height. Melting layer height is also used as the limits of rain region and can be estimated from the bright band signature of radar reflectivity. The horizontal rain structure is assumed to have a cellular form, called rain cell. Rain cell sizes can vary from a few hundred meters to several kilometers and dependent upon the rain type and location. Existence of very small size rain cells are recently observed in tropical rain. Possible ways to overcome the effects of rain fade are site diversity, uplink power control, variable rate encoding, and receiving antennas larger than the requested size for normal weather conditions. (en)
  • 雨致衰减(英語:rain fade, rain attenuation),简称雨衰减、雨衰,是指微波信号因大气中的雨、雪、冰导致信号减弱的现象。由雪导致的信号减弱现象称为雪衰,雨雪共同作用时则称为雨雪衰。通常频率越高,衰减越大,对于10 GHz以上的通信,就必须考虑雨衰对信号的影响。 解决雨衰的可行方法有站址分集、、信道编码、抗雨衰的纠错编码、传输速率自适应技术、业务分集。除此之外,还可以更换较大的接收天线、在接收设备上涂上疏水涂料,目前只有超疏水性的物质,如莲叶,可以抗雨、雪、冰。 (zh)
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