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Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) is a storable oxidizer used as a rocket propellant. It consists of 84% nitric acid (HNO3), 13% dinitrogen tetroxide and 1–2% water. The color of red fuming nitric acid is due to the dinitrogen tetroxide, which breaks down partially to form nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide dissolves until the liquid is saturated, and produces toxic fumes with a suffocating odor. RFNA increases the flammability of combustible materials and is highly exothermic when reacting with water.

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  • Červená dýmavá kyselina dusičná (cs)
  • RFNA (de)
  • Acide nitrique fumant rouge (fr)
  • Acido nitrico fumante rosso inibito (it)
  • 적연질산 (ko)
  • 赤煙硝酸 (ja)
  • Red fuming nitric acid (en)
  • Ácido nítrico fumegante vermelho (pt)
  • Красная дымящая азотная кислота (ru)
  • Röd rykande salpetersyra (sv)
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  • Červená dýmavá kyselina dusičná je oxidační činidlo používané jako složka raketového paliva. Skládá se z 84 % kyseliny dusičné, 13 % oxidu dusičitého a 1-2 % vody. Barvu červené dýmavé kyseliny dusičné způsobuje rozpuštěný oxid dusičitý. Přechovává se s (obvykle kyselinou fluorovodíkovou), jelikož kyselina dusičná koroduje většinu kovů. (cs)
  • RFNA (engl.: red fuming nitric acid, ‚rote rauchende Salpetersäure‘)ist der Kurzname für ein extrem starkes Oxidationsmittel, das als Raketentreibstoff genutzt wird. Das Gemisch aus 84 % Salpetersäure, 13 % Distickstofftetroxid und 3 % Wasser ist sehr reaktiv und wird deswegen mit einem Inhibitor, z. B. Fluorwasserstoff versetzt. Das stabilisierte Gemisch wird dann als IRFNA (inhibited red fuming nitric acid) bezeichnet. (de)
  • 赤煙硝酸(せきえんしょうさん、Red Fuming Nitric Acid、RFNA)は、ロケットの酸化剤として用いられる、硝酸に四酸化二窒素を溶かした物質である。 1分子の四酸化二窒素(無色)と2分子の二酸化窒素(赤褐色)とは化学平衡で相互に変換するため、赤煙硝酸とロケット燃料でいうところの発煙硝酸(はつえんしょうさん、White Fuming Nitric Acid, WFNA)とは製造原料に由来する二酸化窒素の溶解量が異なるだけで同じ化学物質である。 (ja)
  • 적연질산(Red fuming nitric acid, RFNA)은 로켓 추진제의 저장성 산화제로 사용되는 화합물이다. 질산 84%, 사산화 이질소 13%, 물 2%로 구성된다. 적연질산은 강력한 부식성으로 인해, 보통 (inhibitor)와 함께 사용된다. 이를 부식 방지된 적연질산, inhibited RFNA이라고 해서 IRFNA라고 부른다. IRFNA는 1967년부터 444회를 발사해서 세계에서 가장 많이 발사된 경량 우주로켓인 109톤 Kosmos-3M의 산화제로 사용된다. (ko)
  • O ácido nítrico fumegante vermelho (RFNA do inglês: Red Fuming Nitric Acid), é um oxidante armazenável usado como combustível de foguete. Ele consiste de 84% de ácido nítrico (HNO3), 13% de tetróxido de dinitrogênio (N2O4) e 1-2% de água. Normalmente ele é usado em conjunto com um inibidor, (com várias, as vezes secretas, formulações, que incluem ácido fluorídrico); qualquer dessas combinações é chamada de "RFNA inibida" (IRFNA), porque o ácido nítrico ataca a maioria dos materias com os quais os reservatórios são fabricados. (pt)
  • Röd rykande salpetersyra är ett lagringsbart flytande oxidationsmedel för raketmotorer. Vanligtvis innehåller det huvudsakligen salpetersyra med 13 % dikvävetetroxid och 3 % vatten. Skillnaden mot är ett högre innehåll av dikvävetetroxid. (sv)
  • L’acide nitrique fumant rouge, généralement désigné par son sigle anglophone RFNA pour Red Fuming Nitric Acid, est un ergol stockable utilisé jusque dans les années 1970 (1987 sur l'étage de fusée Agena D) comme comburant pour les missiles balistiques et les fusées. Il s'agit d'un mélange d'environ 84 % d'acide nitrique HNO3 stabilisé avec 13 % de peroxyde d'azote N2O4 et 3 % d'eau H2O (fractions massiques). La couleur rouge du liquide est due précisément au dioxyde d'azote NO2 issu du peroxyde N2O4, la présence de ce dernier limitant la décomposition du HNO3 en NO2. (fr)
  • Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) is a storable oxidizer used as a rocket propellant. It consists of 84% nitric acid (HNO3), 13% dinitrogen tetroxide and 1–2% water. The color of red fuming nitric acid is due to the dinitrogen tetroxide, which breaks down partially to form nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide dissolves until the liquid is saturated, and produces toxic fumes with a suffocating odor. RFNA increases the flammability of combustible materials and is highly exothermic when reacting with water. (en)
  • L'acido nitrico fumante rosso inibito (IRFNA, dall'inglese inhibited red fuming nitric acid) è una miscela composta da: 83,4% di acido nitrico (HNO3), 13% di tetraossido di diazoto (N2O4), 3% di acqua e 0,4 % di acido fluoridrico (HF). La stessa miscela senza l'aggiunta dell'acido fluoridrico è chiamata acido nitrico fumante rosso (RFNA). Il colore rosso della miscela è dovuto al tetraossido di diazoto, che si decompone formando diossido di azoto. Il tetraossido di diazoto diminuisce il potere corrosivo dell'acido nitrico e l'acido fluoridrico forma a sua volta uno strato protettivo sul recipiente che contiene la miscela, inibendo la corrosione (per questo viene detto inibito). L'IRFNA viene usato come ossidante nei propellenti per razzi; usato insieme all'idrazina e ai suoi derivati forma (it)
  • Красная дымящая азотная кислота (буродымная азотная кислота) — жидкий азотнокислый окислитель, используемый в ракетном топливе. Химический состав: азотная кислота (основа), тетраоксид диазота (димер NO2) примерно 10—30 % для разных видов, вода — единицы процентов. Желтовато-красный цвет придаёт тетраоксид диазота, частично разлагающийся с образованием диоксида азота. (ru)
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