A unified reservation station, also known as unified scheduler, is a decentralized feature of the microarchitecture of a CPU that allows for register renaming, and is used by the Tomasulo algorithm for dynamic instruction scheduling. Functional Units (such as an adder or a multiplier), each have their own corresponding Reservation Stations. The output of the Functional Unit connects to the Common Data Bus, where Reservation Stations are listening for the operands they need.
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| - Reservation station (it)
- Reservation Station (ja)
- Reservation station (en)
- 保留站 (zh)
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| - 保留站是用于计算机的CPU的寄存器重命名的一种部件。 当程序的指令被发射（issued），指定保留站作为指令的源操作数的存储位置。保留站允许CPU取得与重用刚刚计算出的结果，而不必等待结果被写入寄存器再重新读出来作为新的指令的源操作数。 当多条指令连续写入同一个寄存器，这些指令都可以执行但只有（逻辑上）最后一条指令实际写入。保留站检查是否有先写后读的数据相关，是否有空闲的执行单元。 指令的操作数都就绪后，就可以投入执行。执行结果被各个执行单元的保留站辨识，是否匹配哪些未就绪的指令源作数。 (zh)
- A unified reservation station, also known as unified scheduler, is a decentralized feature of the microarchitecture of a CPU that allows for register renaming, and is used by the Tomasulo algorithm for dynamic instruction scheduling. Functional Units (such as an adder or a multiplier), each have their own corresponding Reservation Stations. The output of the Functional Unit connects to the Common Data Bus, where Reservation Stations are listening for the operands they need. (en)
- Reservation Station とは、CPUのマイクロアーキテクチャにおいてレジスタ・リネーミングを可能にするための機能で、動的な命令スケジューリングを行うTomasuloのアルゴリズムで使用される。 Reservation station を設けると、演算器によって計算されたデータがレジスタに格納された後再度ロードされるのを待つことなく、計算された直後にデータを取り出し再利用することを可能になる。これによって、複数の命令が同じレジスタに書き込む必要がある場合にも、論理的に最後の命令のみの書き込みを行い他の命令は先に進むことができる。 (ja)
- Le Reservation Station sono degli elementi di stato presenti in molti microprocessori moderni abbinati alle varie unità funzionali. Forniscono meccanismi di rinominazione dei registri implementando l'algoritmo di Tomasulo per l'esecuzione fuori ordine delle istruzioni. Le reservation station facilitano l'esecuzione di istruzioni in parallelo tenendo traccia di quali istruzioni sono in attesa di un risultato da un'altra istruzione e quali invece sono pronte ad eseguire. Un bus detto "Common Data Bus" collega le stazioni e permette ai risultati di giungere alle istruzioni in attesa. (it)
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| - A unified reservation station, also known as unified scheduler, is a decentralized feature of the microarchitecture of a CPU that allows for register renaming, and is used by the Tomasulo algorithm for dynamic instruction scheduling. Reservation stations permit the CPU to fetch and re-use a data value as soon as it has been computed, rather than waiting for it to be stored in a register and re-read. When instructions are issued, they can designate the reservation station from which they want their input to read. When multiple instructions need to write to the same register, all can proceed and only the (logically) last one need actually be written.It checks if the operands are available (RAW) and if execution unit is free (Structural hazard) before starting execution. Instructions are stored with available parameters, and executed when ready. Results are identified by the unit that will execute the corresponding instruction.Implicitly register renaming solves WAR and WAW hazards. Since this is a fully associative structure, it has a very high cost in comparators (need to compare all results returned from processing units with all stored addresses). In Tomasulo's algorithm, instructions are issued in sequence to Reservation Stations which buffer the instruction as well as the operands of the instruction. If the operand is not available, the Reservation Station listens on a Common Data Bus for the operand to become available. When the operand becomes available, the Reservation Station buffers it, and the execution of the instruction can begin. Functional Units (such as an adder or a multiplier), each have their own corresponding Reservation Stations. The output of the Functional Unit connects to the Common Data Bus, where Reservation Stations are listening for the operands they need. (en)
- Le Reservation Station sono degli elementi di stato presenti in molti microprocessori moderni abbinati alle varie unità funzionali. Forniscono meccanismi di rinominazione dei registri implementando l'algoritmo di Tomasulo per l'esecuzione fuori ordine delle istruzioni. Le reservation station facilitano l'esecuzione di istruzioni in parallelo tenendo traccia di quali istruzioni sono in attesa di un risultato da un'altra istruzione e quali invece sono pronte ad eseguire. Un bus detto "Common Data Bus" collega le stazioni e permette ai risultati di giungere alle istruzioni in attesa. Il naturale complemento delle reservation station è il Buffer di riordino (ROB), che raccoglie le istruzioni dopo l'esecuzione e assicura che il completamento avvenga nell'ordine corretto. (it)
- Reservation Station とは、CPUのマイクロアーキテクチャにおいてレジスタ・リネーミングを可能にするための機能で、動的な命令スケジューリングを行うTomasuloのアルゴリズムで使用される。 Reservation station を設けると、演算器によって計算されたデータがレジスタに格納された後再度ロードされるのを待つことなく、計算された直後にデータを取り出し再利用することを可能になる。これによって、複数の命令が同じレジスタに書き込む必要がある場合にも、論理的に最後の命令のみの書き込みを行い他の命令は先に進むことができる。 Tomasuloのアルゴリズムでは、各機能ユニット（加算器、乗算器など）に、それぞれ専用の Reservation Station を持たせる。機能ユニットの出力は Common Data Bus に接続され、Reservation Station が処理対象のデータを利用できるかどうか監視する。命令は Reservation Station に対して順次発行され、Reservation Station は命令そのものとその処理対象をバッファする。処理の対象データがまだ利用できない場合には、Reservation Station は Common Data Bus を監視し、対象が利用できるようになると、実行が可能な状態にする。Reservation station は、実行を開始する前に処理対象のデータが利用できるかどうか(RAW ハザードが発生していないか)実行ユニットが空いているかどうか(構造的ハザードが発生していないか)を確認する。準備ができると命令は実行され、結果は命令を実行した機能ユニットを元に識別される。機能ユニットから返される全ての結果を Reservation Station が保持する全てのアドレスと比較するフルアソシアティブな構造であるため、比較器の演算コストが非常に高くなるという問題がある。 (ja)
- 保留站是用于计算机的CPU的寄存器重命名的一种部件。 当程序的指令被发射（issued），指定保留站作为指令的源操作数的存储位置。保留站允许CPU取得与重用刚刚计算出的结果，而不必等待结果被写入寄存器再重新读出来作为新的指令的源操作数。 当多条指令连续写入同一个寄存器，这些指令都可以执行但只有（逻辑上）最后一条指令实际写入。保留站检查是否有先写后读的数据相关，是否有空闲的执行单元。 指令的操作数都就绪后，就可以投入执行。执行结果被各个执行单元的保留站辨识，是否匹配哪些未就绪的指令源作数。 (zh)
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