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| - Die Ringvereine waren kriminelle Vereinigungen zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts in Berlin. Die Mitglieder zeichneten sich dadurch aus, dass sie als Erkennungszeichen einen Ring trugen. (de)
- Le terme Ringverein désigne une organisation criminelle telle qu'il en existait beaucoup au début du XXe siècle en Allemagne. (fr)
- The Ringvereine (English: "Ring clubs", as members identified themselves by wearing a ring) were criminal gangs operating in late 19th and early 20th century Germany, notably the Weimar period. Ostensibly convicts associations formed in the 1890s to aid their reintegration to society, the Ringvereine became convenient fronts for illegal activities as well as providing a ready network of underworld contacts. Like the Mafia, these associations also followed certain rules and a code of conduct. Since these groups practiced witness intimidation and members provided alibis for one another, it was difficult to prove their involvement in a crime. (en)
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| - Die Ringvereine waren kriminelle Vereinigungen zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts in Berlin. Die Mitglieder zeichneten sich dadurch aus, dass sie als Erkennungszeichen einen Ring trugen. (de)
- Le terme Ringverein désigne une organisation criminelle telle qu'il en existait beaucoup au début du XXe siècle en Allemagne. (fr)
- The Ringvereine (English: "Ring clubs", as members identified themselves by wearing a ring) were criminal gangs operating in late 19th and early 20th century Germany, notably the Weimar period. Ostensibly convicts associations formed in the 1890s to aid their reintegration to society, the Ringvereine became convenient fronts for illegal activities as well as providing a ready network of underworld contacts. Like the Mafia, these associations also followed certain rules and a code of conduct. Since these groups practiced witness intimidation and members provided alibis for one another, it was difficult to prove their involvement in a crime. The term emerged for a union with criminal orientation when several clubs by former prisoners joined the holding organization "Ring Berlin". The "Ring-brothers" could be identified by the identical signet rings and were bound to absolute secrecy particularly towards the police. The criminal clubs of the 1920s had poetic names such as "Berliner", "Immertreu" ("always faithful"), "Libelle" ("Dragonfly"), "Deutsche Eiche" (German oak), or "Apachenblut" ("blood of the Apache"). The members provided each other with alibis and lawyers, supported each other financially and looked after the families of the other members. The union was funded by a charge of the spoils from the organized crimes. When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they promised to restore law and order and outlawed Ringvereine associations. Nevertheless, despite being banned and the best efforts of the Nazi regime, these organised gangs persisted. During communist rule in the eastern part of Germany with support from the Soviet Union, the Ringvereine were suppressed. The Ringvereine has since made a comeback in the early 2000s and has appeared throughout the United States with an estimated 500 made members expanding up to 10,000 members. The Ringvereine is known for wearing a ring on one of their pinky fingers. The Ringvereine is involved in money laundering, drug trafficking, extortion, corruption, political corruption, robbery, arson and other serious crimes. The Ringvereine is believed to be ran by boss Jeremy “Woo” Lakemacher who was arrested in 2012 for extortion. Underboss is believed to be Thomas “beer gut” bierhals. The Ringvereine keeps a very low profile. The Ringvereine is made up of men and women with Germany, Austria, or Belgium decent. (en)
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