Captain Robert Reuben Runchey (1759 – bur. 17 July 1819) was a Canadian tavern owner who served as the first commander of Captain Runchey's Company of Coloured Men in Upper Canada (now Ontario) during the War of 1812. Runchey was an officer in the 1st Lincoln Militia when Major-General Sir Isaac Brock appointed him commander of the all-black Company. He served from the summer of 1812 when the Company was created until the fall of that same year.