The rotating-wave approximation is an approximation used in atom optics and magnetic resonance. In this approximation, terms in a Hamiltonian that oscillate rapidly are neglected. This is a valid approximation when the applied electromagnetic radiation is near resonance with an atomic transition, and the intensity is low. Explicitly, terms in the Hamiltonians that oscillate with frequencies are neglected, while terms that oscillate with frequencies are kept, where is the light frequency, and is a transition frequency.
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| - Rotating Wave Approximation (de)
- 회전파 근사 (ko)
- Rotating-wave approximation (en)
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| - 회전파 근사(rotating wave approximation)는 상호작용 묘사의 해밀토니언에서 켓 벡터(ket vector)에 포함되는, 섭동이 없을 때의 해밀토니안을 무시하고 상호작용에 의한 변화만을 남겨두는 근사 방법이다. (ko)
- Der englische Begriff rotating wave approximation (RWA, dt. Drehwellennäherung) bezeichnet eine Näherungsmethode der Quantenoptik. In dieser Näherung werden die Einflüsse schnell rotierender Terme im Hamilton-Operator eines Systems vernachlässigt. Schnell bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang schnell im Vergleich zu den Lebensdauern atomarer Zustände. Die Drehwellennäherung wird in zahlreichen Modellen angewandt, wie z. B. im Jaynes-Cummings-Modell, in Bewegungsgleichungen der Dichtematrix beim optischen Pumpen, zum Lösen des Rabi-Problems oder bei magnetischen Resonanzphänomenen. (de)
- The rotating-wave approximation is an approximation used in atom optics and magnetic resonance. In this approximation, terms in a Hamiltonian that oscillate rapidly are neglected. This is a valid approximation when the applied electromagnetic radiation is near resonance with an atomic transition, and the intensity is low. Explicitly, terms in the Hamiltonians that oscillate with frequencies are neglected, while terms that oscillate with frequencies are kept, where is the light frequency, and is a transition frequency. (en)
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| - Der englische Begriff rotating wave approximation (RWA, dt. Drehwellennäherung) bezeichnet eine Näherungsmethode der Quantenoptik. In dieser Näherung werden die Einflüsse schnell rotierender Terme im Hamilton-Operator eines Systems vernachlässigt. Schnell bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang schnell im Vergleich zu den Lebensdauern atomarer Zustände. Die Drehwellennäherung wird in zahlreichen Modellen angewandt, wie z. B. im Jaynes-Cummings-Modell, in Bewegungsgleichungen der Dichtematrix beim optischen Pumpen, zum Lösen des Rabi-Problems oder bei magnetischen Resonanzphänomenen. Sie ist gerechtfertigt, solange das System einer nur vergleichsweise schwachen Störung unterliegt. Außerdem muss die Frequenz des Lichtfeldes nahe der atomaren Resonanzfrequenz liegen bzw. die Verstimmung klein gegen die atomare Resonanzfrequenz sein: Der Name der Näherung stammt vom Übergang in ein mit der Lichtfrequenz rotierendes Bezugssystem, in dem der Blochvektor des mit dem Licht wechselwirkenden Atoms im Falle exakter Resonanz nicht mehr präzediert. Dann können die Einflüsse der schnell rotierenden Terme vernachlässigt werden. (de)
- The rotating-wave approximation is an approximation used in atom optics and magnetic resonance. In this approximation, terms in a Hamiltonian that oscillate rapidly are neglected. This is a valid approximation when the applied electromagnetic radiation is near resonance with an atomic transition, and the intensity is low. Explicitly, terms in the Hamiltonians that oscillate with frequencies are neglected, while terms that oscillate with frequencies are kept, where is the light frequency, and is a transition frequency. The name of the approximation stems from the form of the Hamiltonian in the interaction picture, as shown below. By switching to this picture the evolution of an atom due to the corresponding atomic Hamiltonian is absorbed into the system ket, leaving only the evolution due to the interaction of the atom with the light field to consider. It is in this picture that the rapidly oscillating terms mentioned previously can be neglected. Since in some sense the interaction picture can be thought of as rotating with the system ket only that part of the electromagnetic wave that approximately co-rotates is kept; the counter-rotating component is discarded. The rotating-wave approximation is closely related to, but different from, the secular approximation. (en)
- 회전파 근사(rotating wave approximation)는 상호작용 묘사의 해밀토니언에서 켓 벡터(ket vector)에 포함되는, 섭동이 없을 때의 해밀토니안을 무시하고 상호작용에 의한 변화만을 남겨두는 근사 방법이다. (ko)
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