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The Second League of Armed Neutrality or the League of the North was an alliance of the north European naval powers Denmark–Norway, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia. It existed between 1800 and 1801 during the War of the Second Coalition and was initiated by Tsar Paul I of Russia. It was a revival of the First League of Armed Neutrality (1780), which had been quite successful during the American War of Independence in isolating Britain and resisting attempts to interfere with their shipping. However, unlike the First League, the Second League was considered to be much less successful.

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  • Zweite Nordische Konvention zur bewaffneten Neutralität (de)
  • Second League of Armed Neutrality (en)
  • Liga Zbrojnej Neutralności (1800–1801) (pl)
  • Segunda Liga da Neutralidade Armada (pt)
  • 第二次武裝中立聯盟 (zh)
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  • The Second League of Armed Neutrality or the League of the North was an alliance of the north European naval powers Denmark–Norway, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia. It existed between 1800 and 1801 during the War of the Second Coalition and was initiated by Tsar Paul I of Russia. It was a revival of the First League of Armed Neutrality (1780), which had been quite successful during the American War of Independence in isolating Britain and resisting attempts to interfere with their shipping. However, unlike the First League, the Second League was considered to be much less successful. (en)
  • 第二次武裝中立聯盟(Second League of Armed Neutrality)或稱北方聯盟(League of the North)是由北歐弱小海軍力量,包括丹麥、普魯士、瑞典和俄國,所組成的聯盟。是次中立聯盟在第二次反法同盟戰爭期間,於1800、1801年間出現,由沙皇保羅一世所倡議。這是第一次武裝中立聯盟的復活,因為第一次聯盟在美國獨立戰爭期間發揮了頗成功的效果,成功孤立英國,並阻止了任何試圖騷擾盟國船運的行動。然而,第二次聯盟比第一次聯盟卻顯得較為遜色。 第二次聯盟原意為保護中立國船運,免受英國海軍的戰時政策,無限制攔截運往法國的禁運品,以阻止任何對法國的軍備支援或貿易。英國政府並未有欣賞俄國的善意,反而認為聯盟是公然與法國勾結,並進攻了丹麥,在哥本哈根海戰中摧毀其大部份艦隊,逼使丹麥退出聯盟。1801年3月,保羅一世駕崩,繼位的亞歷山大一世改變了俄羅斯的政策,導致聯盟的崩解。俄國稍後加入了與英國的聯盟,並對抗以拿破崙為首的法國。 (zh)
  • Die Zweite Nordische Konvention zur bewaffneten Neutralität war eine vertragliche Vereinbarung abgeschlossen am 16. Dezember 1800 in St. Petersburg zunächst zwischen Russland und Schweden, der Dänemark und Preußen unverzüglich beitraten: Dänemark noch am 16. Dezember 1800, Preußen am 19. Dezember 1800. Zielsetzung der Vereinbarung war der Schutz des Seehandels neutraler Staaten gegen die Übergriffe kriegführender Mächte zur See. Hierzu wurde zunächst ein striktes Verbot festgelegt, auf neutralen Schiffen Kriegsmaterial mitzuführen, sogenannte Konterbande, weiter aber auch ein gegenseitiges Schutzbündnis der beteiligten Staaten festgeschrieben, den Handel zu See betreffend. Die Konvention wurde von den beteiligten Staaten über den Wortlaut hinaus sehr weit ausgelegt und von der zu dieser Ze (de)
  • Liga Zbrojnej Neutralności – obowiązujące między grudniem 1800 a kwietniem 1801 roku porozumienie między Rosją, Prusami, Szwecją oraz Królestwem Danii i Norwegii. Liga powstała z inicjatywy cara Pawła I, jako próba reaktywacji porozumienia o tej samej nazwie, obowiązującego w latach 1780-1783 w czasie wojny francusko-angielskiej. Celem paktu była obrona morskich interesów państw-sygnatariuszy w czasie wojny II koalicji z Francją. Praktycznym efektem powstania Ligi było wprowadzenie przez należące do niej państwa embarga na handel z Wielką Brytanią. (pl)
  • A Segunda Liga da Neutralidade Armada ou a Liga do Norte foi uma aliança militar das potências navais do Norte da Europa: Reino da Dinamarca e Noruega, Prússia, Suécia e Império Russo. A Liga existiu entre 1800 e 1801 durante a Guerra da Segunda Coligação e foi criada por iniciativa de Paulo I da Rússia. Foi uma recriação da Primeira Liga da Neutralidade Armada que tinha obtido sucesso durante a Guerra da Independência dos Estados Unidos em isolar a Grã-Bretanha e resistir às suas tentativas de interferência no transporte marítimo daquelas potências. A Segunda Liga não conseguiu ter tanto sucesso como a Primeira. (pt)
name
  • League of the North (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zweite_Nordische_Konvention_zur_bewaffneten_Neutralität_page_01.jpg
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