Secondary orality is orality that is dependent on literate culture and the existence of writing, such as a television anchor reading the news or radio. While it exists in sound, it does not have the features of primary orality because it presumes and rests upon literate thought and expression, and may even be people reading written material. Thus, secondary orality is usually not as repetitive, redundant, agonistic, etc. the way primary orality is, and cultures that have a lot of secondary orality are not necessarily similar to primarily oral cultures. Secondary orality should not be confused with "oral residue" in which a culture has not fully transitioned to literate / written culture and retains many of the characteristics of primary oral cultures. Secondary orality is a phenomenon of p
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| - Gutenberg-Klammer (de)
- Oralidad secundaria (es)
- Secondary orality (en)
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| - Die Gutenberg-Klammer (englisch Gutenberg Parenthesis) ist in der Medientheorie der historische Zeitraum, in dem der Buchdruck als Leitmedium einer Gesellschaft dient. Der Begriff wurde vom dänischen Literaturwissenschaftler (* 1950) geprägt, um die statische Natur von Information innerhalb der „Klammer“ hervorzuheben. Kollektives Lernen wurde vor der Gutenberg-Klammer größtenteils durch mündliche Überlieferung erreicht und danach dienen primär elektronische Kanäle (Radio, Fernsehen, Internet …) als Kommunikationswege. (de)
- Oralidad secundaria es un término inventado por Walter J. Ong en 1970, referido a la cultura de lenguaje hablado en los medios de comunicación, por contraste a la cultura escrita. La Universidad de Saint Louis tiene un proyecto digitalmente archivado de su trabajo. (es)
- Secondary orality is orality that is dependent on literate culture and the existence of writing, such as a television anchor reading the news or radio. While it exists in sound, it does not have the features of primary orality because it presumes and rests upon literate thought and expression, and may even be people reading written material. Thus, secondary orality is usually not as repetitive, redundant, agonistic, etc. the way primary orality is, and cultures that have a lot of secondary orality are not necessarily similar to primarily oral cultures. Secondary orality should not be confused with "oral residue" in which a culture has not fully transitioned to literate / written culture and retains many of the characteristics of primary oral cultures. Secondary orality is a phenomenon of p (en)
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| - Die Gutenberg-Klammer (englisch Gutenberg Parenthesis) ist in der Medientheorie der historische Zeitraum, in dem der Buchdruck als Leitmedium einer Gesellschaft dient. Der Begriff wurde vom dänischen Literaturwissenschaftler (* 1950) geprägt, um die statische Natur von Information innerhalb der „Klammer“ hervorzuheben. Kollektives Lernen wurde vor der Gutenberg-Klammer größtenteils durch mündliche Überlieferung erreicht und danach dienen primär elektronische Kanäle (Radio, Fernsehen, Internet …) als Kommunikationswege. Das Auftreten der Gutenberg-Klammer variiert zeitlich zwischen Kulturen und wird der Europäischen Geschichte, in den ungefähr 500 Jahren zwischen der Erfindung des Buchdrucks und dem Aufkommen digitaler Massenmedien am Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts, zugeordnet. (de)
- Oralidad secundaria es un término inventado por Walter J. Ong en 1970, referido a la cultura de lenguaje hablado en los medios de comunicación, por contraste a la cultura escrita. La Universidad de Saint Louis tiene un proyecto digitalmente archivado de su trabajo. Aunque existen paralelismos o precedentes que van desde Marshall McLuhan a Spinoza, este término se mencionó por primera vez en el trabajo: Cf. Walter J. Ong, "The Literate Orality of Popular Culture", en: Ong, Rhetoric, Romance, and Technology: Studies in the Interaction of Expression and Culture, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1971. El trabajo más grande realizado por Ong es el de Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word, London: Methuen, 1982. (es)
- Secondary orality is orality that is dependent on literate culture and the existence of writing, such as a television anchor reading the news or radio. While it exists in sound, it does not have the features of primary orality because it presumes and rests upon literate thought and expression, and may even be people reading written material. Thus, secondary orality is usually not as repetitive, redundant, agonistic, etc. the way primary orality is, and cultures that have a lot of secondary orality are not necessarily similar to primarily oral cultures. Secondary orality should not be confused with "oral residue" in which a culture has not fully transitioned to literate / written culture and retains many of the characteristics of primary oral cultures. Secondary orality is a phenomenon of post-literacy, whereas oral residue is a stage in the transition from pre-literate to literate. (en)
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