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A shear band (or, more generally, a 'strain localization') is a narrow zone of intense shearing strain, usually of plastic nature, developing during severe deformation of ductile materials.As an example, a soil (overconsolidated silty-clay) specimen is shown in Fig. 1, after an axialsymmetric compression test. Initially the sample was cylindrical in shape and, since symmetry was tried to be preserved during the test, the cylindrical shape was maintained for a while during the test and the deformation was homogeneous, but at extreme loading two X-shaped shear bands had formed and the subsequent deformation was strongly localized (see also the sketch on the right of Fig. 1).

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  • Bande de cisaillement (fr)
  • 変形の局所化とせん断帯 (ja)
  • Shear band (en)
  • 剪切帶 (材料工程) (zh)
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  • A shear band (or, more generally, a 'strain localization') is a narrow zone of intense shearing strain, usually of plastic nature, developing during severe deformation of ductile materials.As an example, a soil (overconsolidated silty-clay) specimen is shown in Fig. 1, after an axialsymmetric compression test. Initially the sample was cylindrical in shape and, since symmetry was tried to be preserved during the test, the cylindrical shape was maintained for a while during the test and the deformation was homogeneous, but at extreme loading two X-shaped shear bands had formed and the subsequent deformation was strongly localized (see also the sketch on the right of Fig. 1). (en)
  • 変形の局所化(へんけいのきょくしょか、英: localization of deformation, strain localization)とは、固体に変形を与えたときに、固体の一部の領域に変形が集中することをいう。 変形の局所化現象の代表的な例としてせん断帯(せんだんたい、shear band)がある。これはせん断変形が狭い帯状の領域に集中して発生する現象であり、金属材料や地盤材料など各種の材料で見られる。 なお、地盤材料における変形の局所化現象として、せん断帯のほか、圧縮を受けた際に、最大圧縮主応力方向に垂直またはそれに近い方向の帯状領域に局所化して大きな体積圧縮変形が生じる圧縮帯(あっしゅくたい、compression band)も知られている。 (ja)
  • 剪切帶(shear band)是材料中一個狹窄的強剪切應變區,通常在延性材料嚴重變形時出現,具有可塑性。剪切帶會比材料的其他部位先失去韌性,剪切帶中發生的極端變形可能導致材料嚴重的損壞和斷裂,因此研究剪切帶如何形成是一個對材料應用非常重要的課題,20世紀中葉以來變形局部化(localization of deformation)一直被密集研究。 (zh)
  • Au cours d'une intense déformation plastique des métaux, de fortes hétérogénéités de déformation apparaissent dues au mode de déformation ou aux caractéristiques hétérogènes du matériau lui-même. La déformation se localise alors en bandes, appelées bandes de cisaillement ou bandes de Hartmann-Lüders. La déformation plastique cumulée atteint plusieurs centaines de pourcents. La puissance plastique dégagée provoque un dégagement intense de chaleur sur une courte durée, et de manière localisée. La contrainte du matériau diminue alors fortement provoquant le cisaillement ou glissement brutal de deux zones distincts du matériau. (fr)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/X-shaped_shear_bands_in_clay.jpg
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  • A shear band (or, more generally, a 'strain localization') is a narrow zone of intense shearing strain, usually of plastic nature, developing during severe deformation of ductile materials.As an example, a soil (overconsolidated silty-clay) specimen is shown in Fig. 1, after an axialsymmetric compression test. Initially the sample was cylindrical in shape and, since symmetry was tried to be preserved during the test, the cylindrical shape was maintained for a while during the test and the deformation was homogeneous, but at extreme loading two X-shaped shear bands had formed and the subsequent deformation was strongly localized (see also the sketch on the right of Fig. 1). (en)
  • Au cours d'une intense déformation plastique des métaux, de fortes hétérogénéités de déformation apparaissent dues au mode de déformation ou aux caractéristiques hétérogènes du matériau lui-même. La déformation se localise alors en bandes, appelées bandes de cisaillement ou bandes de Hartmann-Lüders. La déformation plastique cumulée atteint plusieurs centaines de pourcents. La puissance plastique dégagée provoque un dégagement intense de chaleur sur une courte durée, et de manière localisée. La contrainte du matériau diminue alors fortement provoquant le cisaillement ou glissement brutal de deux zones distincts du matériau. Ce phénomène intervient entre autres dans les procédés d'usinage ou de découpe adiabatique. La propagation de la bande de cisaillement permet alors la découpe du matériau. Par contre, dans d'autres procédés comme le forgeage, ou la compression, la bande de cisaillement n'est pas souhaitée et constitue un défaut de fabrication. (fr)
  • 変形の局所化(へんけいのきょくしょか、英: localization of deformation, strain localization)とは、固体に変形を与えたときに、固体の一部の領域に変形が集中することをいう。 変形の局所化現象の代表的な例としてせん断帯(せんだんたい、shear band)がある。これはせん断変形が狭い帯状の領域に集中して発生する現象であり、金属材料や地盤材料など各種の材料で見られる。 なお、地盤材料における変形の局所化現象として、せん断帯のほか、圧縮を受けた際に、最大圧縮主応力方向に垂直またはそれに近い方向の帯状領域に局所化して大きな体積圧縮変形が生じる圧縮帯(あっしゅくたい、compression band)も知られている。 (ja)
  • 剪切帶(shear band)是材料中一個狹窄的強剪切應變區,通常在延性材料嚴重變形時出現,具有可塑性。剪切帶會比材料的其他部位先失去韌性,剪切帶中發生的極端變形可能導致材料嚴重的損壞和斷裂,因此研究剪切帶如何形成是一個對材料應用非常重要的課題,20世紀中葉以來變形局部化(localization of deformation)一直被密集研究。 (zh)
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