The siege of Najaf was an engagement between the British Army and Iraqi rebels in the city of Najaf during the First World War. The city had fallen under the control of four sheikhs in 1915 after an anti-Ottoman uprising, and was put under British control in 1917. In 1918, as it became clear that the British were aiming to occupy rather than liberate Iraq, an anti-British movement named Jam'iya al-Nahda al-Islamiya was formed in Najaf to oppose British rule. The uprising began on 19 March when a British officer, William M. Marshall was murdered in the citadel of Najaf. The British subsequently laid siege to the city on 23 March, cutting all supply routes to the city before it ultimately surrendered on 4 May 1918. Rebel leaders were sentenced to death on 25 May. The extent of the rebellion'
| Attributes | Values |
|---|
| rdf:type
| |
| rdfs:label
| - حصار النجف (1918) (ar)
- Siege of Najaf (1918) (en)
|
| rdfs:comment
| - كان حصار النجف نتيجة لاشتباكات بين الجيش البريطاني والمتمردين العراقيين في مدينة النجف خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى. وأصبحت مدينة النجف تحت سيطرة أربعة شيوخ سنة 1915 أي بعد الانتفاضة المناهضة للعثمانيين، وبعدها وُضعت تحت السيطرة البريطانية عام 1917. وعندما اتضحت الصورة بأن البريطانيين سنة 1918 يهدفون لاحتلال العراق بدلًا من تحريره. وكان ذلك ضد الحركة البريطانية التي تشكلت وسميت بجماعة النهضة الإسلامية في النجف المعارضة للحكم البريطاني. وبدأت الانتفاضة في 19 آذار عندما قُتل الضابط البريطاني مارشال في قلعة النجف، وبعد ذلك فرض البريطانيون حصارًا على المدينة في 23 آذار، وقد قطعوا جميع طرق الإمداد من وإلى المدينة في الرابع من أيار، إن مدى تأثير التمرد على تطور القومية العراقية محل خلاف. (ar)
- The siege of Najaf was an engagement between the British Army and Iraqi rebels in the city of Najaf during the First World War. The city had fallen under the control of four sheikhs in 1915 after an anti-Ottoman uprising, and was put under British control in 1917. In 1918, as it became clear that the British were aiming to occupy rather than liberate Iraq, an anti-British movement named Jam'iya al-Nahda al-Islamiya was formed in Najaf to oppose British rule. The uprising began on 19 March when a British officer, William M. Marshall was murdered in the citadel of Najaf. The British subsequently laid siege to the city on 23 March, cutting all supply routes to the city before it ultimately surrendered on 4 May 1918. Rebel leaders were sentenced to death on 25 May. The extent of the rebellion' (en)
|
| geo:lat
| |
| geo:long
| |
| foaf:depiction
| |
| Relates an entity ...ch it is located.
| |
| dcterms:subject
| |
| Wikipage page ID
| |
| Wikipage revision ID
| |
| Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage
| |
| sameAs
| |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate
| |
| thumbnail
| |
| quoted
| |
| align
| |
| caption
| - Aerial view of Najaf, 1918 (en)
|
| combatant
| - Jam'iya al-Nahda al-Islamiya (en)
- Anti-British sheikhs
* Haji ‘Atiyah Abu Qulal
* Kadhim Subhi
* Haji Sa‘ad ibn Haji Radhi (en)
- Pro-British sheikhs:
* Saiyid Mahdi al Saivid Salman (en)
|
| commander
| - Francis Balfour (en)
- Najm al-Baqqal (en)
- William M. Marshall (en)
|
| date
| |
| image size
| |
| map relief
| |
| map type
| |
| partof
| - the Mesopotamian Campaign of World War I (en)
|
| place
| |
| quote
| - It was not desired to treat the city, which contains one of the most holy shrines of the Shiahs and is surrounded by a very high wall, in an ordinary way, i.e., by shelling or by direct assault. A strict blockade was, therefore, ordered [...] The firmness with which the situation was handled, the fairness with which the law-abiding inhabitants were treated and the scrupulous care which was taken to avoid damage to holy persons and places, created a most favourable impression on all the surrounding tribes and contributed in no small degree to the subsequent establishment of friendly relations. (en)
|
| result
| |
| sign
| - Mohammad Jawad al Jaza’iri (en)
|
| source
| - — William R. Marshall, reflecting on the uprising. (en)
|
| strength
| |
| text
| - [...] We [rebelled] with the strongest of determination,
Forbidding us from fearing death or from compromising.
And with the highest of zeal,
Did not accept compromise despite our loved ones.
We used it to guard the Prophet’s way,
The Prophet of enlightenment and the book of revelation.
And we preserved the pride of the Iraqi people,
And we were to their noblest a sturdy rampart.
And we waged battles and it was death,
In defence of the Muslims’ scholars.
And the formations of our enemies the English,
Fill the landscape in its entirety.
They attack the people of Ya’rib [one of the ‘fathers’ of the Arabs],
To cure their [the British] resentment and bitterness.
And their planes fill the sky,
Dropping bombs like a deadly rain.
[…] We saw storms of death,
But what we saw was easy for us.
When we were captives in the enemy’s hands,
We suffered a deep and growing pain.
And the injustices against the holy city [Najaf] and all Iraq,
The lion [the rebels] left his den.
But we coped with the sadness,
And we wait for death from one moment to the next. (en)
|
| width
| |
| georss:point
| |
| has abstract
| - كان حصار النجف نتيجة لاشتباكات بين الجيش البريطاني والمتمردين العراقيين في مدينة النجف خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى. وأصبحت مدينة النجف تحت سيطرة أربعة شيوخ سنة 1915 أي بعد الانتفاضة المناهضة للعثمانيين، وبعدها وُضعت تحت السيطرة البريطانية عام 1917. وعندما اتضحت الصورة بأن البريطانيين سنة 1918 يهدفون لاحتلال العراق بدلًا من تحريره. وكان ذلك ضد الحركة البريطانية التي تشكلت وسميت بجماعة النهضة الإسلامية في النجف المعارضة للحكم البريطاني. وبدأت الانتفاضة في 19 آذار عندما قُتل الضابط البريطاني مارشال في قلعة النجف، وبعد ذلك فرض البريطانيون حصارًا على المدينة في 23 آذار، وقد قطعوا جميع طرق الإمداد من وإلى المدينة في الرابع من أيار، إن مدى تأثير التمرد على تطور القومية العراقية محل خلاف. (ar)
- The siege of Najaf was an engagement between the British Army and Iraqi rebels in the city of Najaf during the First World War. The city had fallen under the control of four sheikhs in 1915 after an anti-Ottoman uprising, and was put under British control in 1917. In 1918, as it became clear that the British were aiming to occupy rather than liberate Iraq, an anti-British movement named Jam'iya al-Nahda al-Islamiya was formed in Najaf to oppose British rule. The uprising began on 19 March when a British officer, William M. Marshall was murdered in the citadel of Najaf. The British subsequently laid siege to the city on 23 March, cutting all supply routes to the city before it ultimately surrendered on 4 May 1918. Rebel leaders were sentenced to death on 25 May. The extent of the rebellion's impact on the development of Iraqi nationalism is disputed. (en)
|
| prov:wasDerivedFrom
| |
| page length (characters) of wiki page
| |
| combatant
| - Jam'iya al-Nahda al-Islamiya
- * Haji Sa‘ad ibn Haji Radhi
- * Haji ‘Atiyah Abu Qulal
- * Kadhim Subhi
- * Saiyid Mahdi al Saivid Salman
- Anti-British sheikhs
|
![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)
![[cxml]](/fct/images/cxml_doc.png)
![[csv]](/fct/images/csv_doc.png)
![[text]](/fct/images/ntriples_doc.png)
![[turtle]](/fct/images/n3turtle_doc.png)
![[ld+json]](/fct/images/jsonld_doc.png)
![[rdf+json]](/fct/images/json_doc.png)
![[rdf+xml]](/fct/images/xml_doc.png)
![[atom+xml]](/fct/images/atom_doc.png)
![[html]](/fct/images/html_doc.png)
