Simeon H. Anderson (March 2, 1802 – August 11, 1840) was a slave owner and United States Representative from Kentucky. He was born near Lancaster, Kentucky, where he pursued preparatory studies. In addition, he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1823 and commenced practice in Lancaster, Kentucky. Anderson was the father of William Clayton Anderson who also served as a Representative from Kentucky, and Margaret Anderson Watts, social reformer.