The Sirikwa culture was the predominant Kenyan hinterland culture of the Pastoral Iron Age, c.2000 BP. Seen to have developed out of the Elmenteitan culture of the East African Pastoral Neolithic c.3300-1200 BP, it was followed in much of its area by the Kalenjin, Maa, western and central Kenyan communities of the 18th and 19th centuries.
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| - Culture Sirikwa (fr)
- Sirikwa culture (en)
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| - The Sirikwa culture was the predominant Kenyan hinterland culture of the Pastoral Iron Age, c.2000 BP. Seen to have developed out of the Elmenteitan culture of the East African Pastoral Neolithic c.3300-1200 BP, it was followed in much of its area by the Kalenjin, Maa, western and central Kenyan communities of the 18th and 19th centuries. (en)
- La culture Sirikwa est la principale culture archéologique de l'âge du fer pastoral dans la partie centrale du Kenya. Elle succède à la culture d'Elmenteita datant du Néolithique pastoral d'Afrique de l'Est. Elle est suivie par les sociétés des Kalenjin et des locuteurs des langues maa au Kenya central et occidental aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. (fr)
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| - La culture Sirikwa est la principale culture archéologique de l'âge du fer pastoral dans la partie centrale du Kenya. Elle succède à la culture d'Elmenteita datant du Néolithique pastoral d'Afrique de l'Est. Elle est suivie par les sociétés des Kalenjin et des locuteurs des langues maa au Kenya central et occidental aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. Aux alentours du XIe siècle, la vallée du rift et les hauts-plateaux occidentaux du Kenya sont peuplés par des populations qui pratiquent la culture des céréales et le pastoralisme. Elles utilisent occasionnellement le métal et façonnent des poteries avec des décors à la roulette. Elles sont cependant principalement connues pour leurs excavations, les « trous sirikwa ». Il s'agit de cuvettes peu profondes, de 10 à 20 mètres de diamètre et d'environ 2,4 mètres de profondeur, creusées dans le sol. Cette culture est à son plein développement dans le centre de la partie kényane de la vallée du rift aux alentours de 1300 apr. J.-C. De là, elle s'étend vers l'ouest dans les provinces de Sotik et Nyanza, au nord dans les monts Cherangani, jusqu'au mont Elgon et sa région, voire, possiblement, jusqu'en Ouganda. Ce mode de vie décline puis disparaît durant les XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. (fr)
- The Sirikwa culture was the predominant Kenyan hinterland culture of the Pastoral Iron Age, c.2000 BP. Seen to have developed out of the Elmenteitan culture of the East African Pastoral Neolithic c.3300-1200 BP, it was followed in much of its area by the Kalenjin, Maa, western and central Kenyan communities of the 18th and 19th centuries. The archaeological evidence indicates that from about AD 1200, the Central Rift and Western Highlands of Kenya were relatively densely inhabited by a group (or groups) of people who practiced both cereal cultivation and pastoralism. They made occasional use of metals and created distinctive roulette-decorated pottery. These people are principally known from their characteristic settlement sites, commonly known as 'Sirikwa holes or hollows'. These comprise a shallow depression, sometimes reinforced at the edges by stone revetments, around which habitation structures were built. There are a number of indicators that the central depression was a semi-fortified cattle boma, with people living in connected huts around the exterior. The evidence suggests that this culture was fully formed in the central Rift Valley at least by 1300 A.D. From here it spread westward to Sotik and Nyanza province, northwards to Cherangani hills and then to Mt. Elgon area and possibly into Uganda. This way of life would decline and eventually disappear by the 18th and 19th centuries. (en)
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