| has abstract
| - Les Svomas ou SVOMAS (russe : Свомас ou СВОМАС), abréviation pour Svobodnye gosudarstvennye khudozhestvennyemasterskiye (en russe : Свободные Государственные художественные мастерские) (Ateliers publics d'art libre), étaient des écoles d'art actives dans plusieurs villes russes après la révolution d'Octobre. Les Svomas moscovites, créés en 1918, remplacent l'Académie d'art et d'industrie Stroganov, qui devient le Premier studio d'art libre, et l'École de peinture, de sculpture et d'architecture de Moscou, qui devient le Second studio d'art libre. Les deux établissements sont remplacés en 1920 par les Vkhoutemas. Le Svomas de Pétrograd, fondé en 1919 à partir des Ateliers éducatifs d'art libres de Pétrodad, succédant eux-mêmes à l'Académie des beaux-arts, est remplacé en 1921 par les Ateliers publics d'éducation artistique. Le but des Svomas est d'accroître la sensibilité et les compétences des travailleurs défavorisés, comme les ouvriers et les paysans. Il n'existe aucun examen d'entrée, les cours d'histoire de l'art sont optionnels, les artistes d'avant-garde assurent l'enseignement et les étudiants choisissent leurs professeurs. (fr)
- Svomas or SVOMAS (Russian: Свомас or СВОМАС), an abbreviation for Svobodnye gosudarstvennye khudozhestvennye masterskiye (Russian: Свободные Государственные художественные мастерские) (Free State Art Studios), was the name of a series of art schools founded in several Russian cities after the October Revolution. The Moscow Svomas was founded in 1918, replacing the Stroganov Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry (which became the First Free Art Studio), and the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture (which became the Second Free Art Studio). In 1920, the school was replaced by Vkhutemas design school. The Petrograd Svomas was created in 1919 by renaming the Petrograd Free Art Educational Studios (Pegoskhuma), which had been formed a year earlier when the Academy of Arts was abolished; in 1921 it was replaced by the Petrograd State Art-Educational Studios of the Reconstructed Academy of Arts. The aim of Svomas was to spread awareness of and competence in the arts to the previously underprivileged workers and peasants. Entrance examinations were abolished, art history courses were optional, the faculty was replaced by avant-garde artists, and students were free to choose their professors. (en)
- Svomas ou SVOMAS (em russo: Свомас, abreviatura de Свободные Государственные художественные мастерские; transl. Svobodnye gosudarstvennye khudozhestvennye masterskiye; em português: Estúdios Livres de Arte do Estado) era a designação de uma série de escolas de arte fundadas em várias cidades russas depois da Revolução de Outubro. A Svomas de Moscovo foi fundada em 1918, substituindo a (que viria a se tornar o Primeiro Estúdio Livre de Arte) e a Escola de Pintura, Escultura e Arquitetura de Moscovo que viria a ser o (Segundo Estúdio Livre de Arte). Em 1920 foi substituída pela Vkhutemas. A Svomas de Petrogrado foi criada em 1919 mediante a renomeação dos Estúdios Livres de Educação Artística de Petrogrado, que haviam sido formados um ano antes, quando a foi abolida. O objectivo das Svomas era divulgar a consciência artística às camadas sociais mais desfavorecidas. Os exames de admissão foram abolidos, as disciplinas de história de arte eram opcionais, o corpo docente foi substituído por artistas de vanguarda e os estudantes eram livres de escolher os professores. (pt)
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