The Tanegashima clan (種子島氏, Tanegashima-shi) is a Japanese aristocratic family of samurai origins that originated on Tanegashima Island, just south of Kyūshū. From the late Sengoku era to the start of the Meiji era, the Tanegashima were retainers of the Shimazu clan of the Satsuma Domain. In 1900, they were appointed Baron.