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Teochew Letters (Chinese: 潮汕僑批; pinyin: Chaoshan Qiaopi) were a form of family correspondence combined with remittance, sent by Teochew immigrants in Southeast Asia (particularly Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia) as well as Hong Kong, to their families in the Teochew region (now known as Chaoshan in Mandarin), in eastern Guangdong Province, China.

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  • Cartas Teochew (es)
  • Teochew Letters (en)
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  • Las cartas Teochew (Chino: 潮汕僑批; pinyin: Chaoshan Qiaopi) fueron una forma de correspondencia familiar combinada con remesas, enviadas por inmigrantes Teochew en el sudeste asiático (particularmente Tailandia, Singapur, Malasia, Indonesia, Vietnam y Camboya ), así como Hong Kong, a sus familias en la (ahora conocida como Chaoshan), en el este de la provincia de Guangdong, China.​ (es)
  • Teochew Letters (Chinese: 潮汕僑批; pinyin: Chaoshan Qiaopi) were a form of family correspondence combined with remittance, sent by Teochew immigrants in Southeast Asia (particularly Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia) as well as Hong Kong, to their families in the Teochew region (now known as Chaoshan in Mandarin), in eastern Guangdong Province, China. (en)
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  • Chaoshan Qiaopi (en)
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  • 潮汕僑批 (en)
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  • Las cartas Teochew (Chino: 潮汕僑批; pinyin: Chaoshan Qiaopi) fueron una forma de correspondencia familiar combinada con remesas, enviadas por inmigrantes Teochew en el sudeste asiático (particularmente Tailandia, Singapur, Malasia, Indonesia, Vietnam y Camboya ), así como Hong Kong, a sus familias en la (ahora conocida como Chaoshan), en el este de la provincia de Guangdong, China.​ Estas cartas se enviaron desde principios del siglo XIX hasta el siglo XX. Inicialmente eran entregadas por hombres conocidos como zui-kheh (水客) literalmente "viajero de agua", que se trasladaba con frecuencia entre el sudeste asiático y la región de Teochew por negocios. Hacia el final del siglo XIX, la entrega de las Cartas Teochew se convirtió en una industria en toda regla, conocida como la industria Qiaopi 侨批业). Las agencias de Qiaopi en el sudeste asiático recogieron las cartas y remesas de los trabajadores migrantes y las enviaron a su socio correspondiente en Shantou. Las agencias en Shantou luego distribuyeron las cartas a las agencias locales ubicadas en los condados y aldeas de la región de Teochew. Los hombres empleados para entregar personalmente las cartas y el dinero a las familias se conocían como phoe-kha (批脚), literalmente los "Pies de las cartas". La industria de Qiaopi terminó en 1979 cuando el gobierno de China ordenó que sus funciones fueran transferidas al Banco de China.​ La correspondencia familiar combinada con las remesas no era exclusiva de los Teochew. Otros grupos de chinos de ultramar, incluidos los Hokkien, Cantoneses y Hakka, también utilizaron este método para comunicarse con sus familias. Las agencias Qiaopi de los diferentes grupos sirvieron solo a su propio círculo comunitario y sus servicios no se superpusieron. Los investigadores y coleccionistas privados han recopilado una estimación de 170.000 cartas de Qiaopi. La mayoría son Teochew. El Museo de Reliquias del Correo de Remesas en el Extranjero, con sede en Swatow, tiene una colección de 120.000 cartas Teochew, que consta de originales y copias.​ Las Cartas Teochew tienen un valor histórico inmenso. Es un archivo de las experiencias históricas culturales y colectivas del pueblo Teochew. Su contenido refleja la sociedad en todos los niveles, tocando las relaciones internacionales, problemas nacionales y detalles de la vida cotidiana importantes para las familias. Como tal, la información que contienen posee un valor intrínseco para futuras investigaciones, ya que pueden autenticar y complementar la historia escrita contemporánea. (es)
  • Teochew Letters (Chinese: 潮汕僑批; pinyin: Chaoshan Qiaopi) were a form of family correspondence combined with remittance, sent by Teochew immigrants in Southeast Asia (particularly Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia) as well as Hong Kong, to their families in the Teochew region (now known as Chaoshan in Mandarin), in eastern Guangdong Province, China. These letters were sent from the early 19th century till the 20th century. They were initially delivered by men known as zui-kheh (水客) literally "Water Traveller", who travelled frequently between Southeast Asia and the Teochew region for business. Towards the end of the 19th century, delivery of the Teochew Letters became a full-fledged industry, known as the Qiaopi industry (侨批业). Qiaopi agencies in Southeast Asia collected the letters and remittances from the migrant workers and sent them to their corresponding partner in Swatow. The agencies in Swatow then distributed the letters to local agencies located in the counties and villages of the Teochew region. The men employed to hand-deliver the letters and money to the families were known as phoe-kha (批脚), literally the "Feet of the Letters". The Qiaopi industry ended in 1979 when the government in China ordered its functions to be transferred to Bank of China. Family correspondence combined with remittance was not unique to the Teochews. Other groups of overseas Chinese, including the Hokkien, the Cantonese and the Hakka, also used this method to communicate with their families. The Qiaopi agencies of the different groups served only their own community circle and their services did not overlap. An estimate of 170,000 Qiaopi letters have been collected by researchers and private collectors. The majority are Teochew Letters. The Museum of Overseas Remittance Mail Relics, based in Swatow, has a collection of 120,000 Teochew Letters, consisting of both originals and copies.The Teochew Letters has immense historical value. It is an archive of the cultural and collective historical experiences of the Teochew people. Its contents reflect society at all levels, touching on international relations, national issues, and details of daily life important to families. As such, the information they contain bear intrinsic value for further research, as they are able to authenticate and supplement contemporary written history. (en)
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