In physiology, tonotopy (from Greek tono = frequency and topos = place) is the spatial arrangement of where sounds of different frequency are processed in the brain. Tones close to each other in terms of frequency are represented in topologically neighbouring regions in the brain. Tonotopic maps are a particular case of topographic organization, similar to retinotopy in the visual system.
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| - Tonotopie (de)
- Tonotopie (fr)
- Tonotopia (it)
- Tonotopie (nl)
- Tonotopy (en)
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| - La tonotopie correspond à l'organisation de la au niveau de la membrane basilaire de la cochlée, incluant une représentation du spectre auditif tout au long du conduit cochléaire selon la fréquence d'une onde sonore (stimulus auditif dans ce cas). (fr)
- Tonotopie (letterlijk: "plaats van tonen") betekent de codering van geluidsfrequenties door plaats. Dit principe treffen we aan in het slakkenhuis van het binnenoor waar opeenvolgende geluidsfrequenties (dus "toonhoogten") corresponderen met opeenvolgende gebiedjes. Hetzelfde principe geldt in de primaire gehoorschors. (nl)
- Beim Hören finden auf mehreren Stufen im Gehirn Analyseprozesse akustischer Signale statt. Sie sind die Grundlage nachfolgender Dekodierung, beim Menschen insbesondere für das Verstehen von Sprache. Der Begriff der Tonotopie (abgeleitet von altgriechisch a) τόνος tonos, deutsch ‚das, womit man etwas spannt‘, ‚Saite‘, ‚Seil‘, ‚Gurt‘; ‚Spannung‘, ‚Nachdruck‘, ‚Wucht‘; ‚Hebung‘, ‚Klang der Stimme‘ / b) τόπος topos, deutsch ‚Ort‘, ‚Stelle‘, ‚Landstrich‘, ‚Gegend‘, ‚Örtlichkeit‘, ‚Raum‘) bezieht sich auf die erste Hauptstufe der Schallanalyse. (de)
- In physiology, tonotopy (from Greek tono = frequency and topos = place) is the spatial arrangement of where sounds of different frequency are processed in the brain. Tones close to each other in terms of frequency are represented in topologically neighbouring regions in the brain. Tonotopic maps are a particular case of topographic organization, similar to retinotopy in the visual system. (en)
- La Tonotopia (dal greco tono- e topos = luogo: luogo dei toni) è una distribuzione spaziale di dove i suoni sono percepiti, trasmessi o ricevuti. Si riferisce al fatto che i toni tra di loro vicini in termini di frequenza sono rappresentati topologicamente nel cervello da neuroni vicini tra di loro. Le mappe tonotopiche sono un caso particolare di una organizzazione topografica. È presente tonotopia nella coclea all'interno della membrana basilare, una struttura presente dentro l'orecchio interno che invia le informazioni sui suoni al cervello. (it)
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| - Beim Hören finden auf mehreren Stufen im Gehirn Analyseprozesse akustischer Signale statt. Sie sind die Grundlage nachfolgender Dekodierung, beim Menschen insbesondere für das Verstehen von Sprache. Der Begriff der Tonotopie (abgeleitet von altgriechisch a) τόνος tonos, deutsch ‚das, womit man etwas spannt‘, ‚Saite‘, ‚Seil‘, ‚Gurt‘; ‚Spannung‘, ‚Nachdruck‘, ‚Wucht‘; ‚Hebung‘, ‚Klang der Stimme‘ / b) τόπος topos, deutsch ‚Ort‘, ‚Stelle‘, ‚Landstrich‘, ‚Gegend‘, ‚Örtlichkeit‘, ‚Raum‘) bezieht sich auf die erste Hauptstufe der Schallanalyse. Im Innenohr (Cochlea) werden die von außen kommenden mechanischen Schwingungen in neuronale Impulse umgewandelt, und zwar anatomisch geordnet nach Frequenz (Tonhöhe): hohe Frequenzen am äußeren Ende, tiefe Frequenzen am inneren Ende. Daher der Name „Ton-Ort“. Im Hauptstrang der Hörbahn im Gehirn wird die anatomische Sortierung nach Frequenz (Tonhöhe) bis in mehrere Bereiche des Großhirns (Auditiver Cortex) beibehalten. (de)
- La tonotopie correspond à l'organisation de la au niveau de la membrane basilaire de la cochlée, incluant une représentation du spectre auditif tout au long du conduit cochléaire selon la fréquence d'une onde sonore (stimulus auditif dans ce cas). (fr)
- La Tonotopia (dal greco tono- e topos = luogo: luogo dei toni) è una distribuzione spaziale di dove i suoni sono percepiti, trasmessi o ricevuti. Si riferisce al fatto che i toni tra di loro vicini in termini di frequenza sono rappresentati topologicamente nel cervello da neuroni vicini tra di loro. Le mappe tonotopiche sono un caso particolare di una organizzazione topografica. È presente tonotopia nella coclea all'interno della membrana basilare, una struttura presente dentro l'orecchio interno che invia le informazioni sui suoni al cervello. È presente tonotopia anche nella Corteccia cerebrale uditiva, la parte del cervello che riceve ed interpreta le informazioni sui suoni. (it)
- In physiology, tonotopy (from Greek tono = frequency and topos = place) is the spatial arrangement of where sounds of different frequency are processed in the brain. Tones close to each other in terms of frequency are represented in topologically neighbouring regions in the brain. Tonotopic maps are a particular case of topographic organization, similar to retinotopy in the visual system. Tonotopy in the auditory system begins at the cochlea, the small snail-like structure in the inner ear that sends information about sound to the brain. Different regions of the basilar membrane in the organ of Corti, the sound-sensitive portion of the cochlea, vibrate at different sinusoidal frequencies due to variations in thickness and width along the length of the membrane. Nerves that transmit information from different regions of the basilar membrane therefore encode frequency tonotopically. This tonotopy then projects through the vestibulocochlear nerve and associated midbrain structures to the primary auditory cortex via the auditory radiation pathway.Throughout this radiation, organization is linear with relation to placement on the organ of Corti, in accordance to the best frequency response (that is, the frequency at which that neuron is most sensitive) of each neuron. However, binaural fusion in the superior olivary complex onward adds significant amounts of information encoded in the signal strength of each ganglion. Thus, the number of tonotopic maps varies between species and the degree of binaural synthesis and separation of sound intensities; in humans, six tonotopic maps have been identified in the primary auditory cortex. (en)
- Tonotopie (letterlijk: "plaats van tonen") betekent de codering van geluidsfrequenties door plaats. Dit principe treffen we aan in het slakkenhuis van het binnenoor waar opeenvolgende geluidsfrequenties (dus "toonhoogten") corresponderen met opeenvolgende gebiedjes. Hetzelfde principe geldt in de primaire gehoorschors. (nl)
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