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In molecular biology, treadmilling is a phenomenon observed within protein filaments of the cytoskeletons of many cells, especially in actin filaments and microtubules. It occurs when one end of a filament grows in length while the other end shrinks, resulting in a section of filament seemingly "moving" across a stratum or the cytosol. This is due to the constant removal of the protein subunits from these filaments at one end of the filament, while protein subunits are constantly added at the other end. Treadmilling was discovered by Wegner, who defined the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints. Wegner recognized that: “The equilibrium constant (K) for association of a monomer with a polymer is the same at both ends, since the addition of a monomer to each end leads to the same polymer.”;

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  • Treadmilling (de)
  • Treadmilling (en)
  • Treadmilling (sv)
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  • Als Treadmilling bzw. Tretmühlenmechanismus wird ein Phänomen bei der Polymerisation von Aktinfilamenten im Cytoplasma eukaryotischer Zellen bezeichnet. Wenn das Aktinpolymer den steady state erreicht hat, erfolgt ein Nettoaufbau von Aktin am Plusende des Aktinfilaments. Zur gleichen Zeit erfolgt ein Nettoabbau von Aktin am Minusende des Aktinfilaments. Die Länge des Aktinfilaments bleibt dabei konstant. Gleichzeitig existiert ein Nettodurchfluss von Aktinmonomeren. Dieses Phänomen wird als Treadmilling bezeichnet. (de)
  • Treadmilling är en mekanism som förekommer i en majoritet av cytoskelettala filament. Mekanismen är särskilt viktig för uppbyggnaden av mikrotubuli såväl som aktinfilament, F-aktin. Processen möjliggörs av att mikrotubuli samt F-aktin är polära filament, där tubuli respektive G-aktin, vilka är de monomerer som bygger upp filamenten, orienterar sig i samma riktning och således ger upphov till en plus- och minuspol. Nedbrytningen av polymeren sker i minuspolen, och uppbyggnaden genom en sammansättning av monomerer, sker främst i pluspolen. Det är fenomenet där depolymerisation sker i minuspolen och polymerisation sker i pluspolen som benämns som treadmilling. (sv)
  • In molecular biology, treadmilling is a phenomenon observed within protein filaments of the cytoskeletons of many cells, especially in actin filaments and microtubules. It occurs when one end of a filament grows in length while the other end shrinks, resulting in a section of filament seemingly "moving" across a stratum or the cytosol. This is due to the constant removal of the protein subunits from these filaments at one end of the filament, while protein subunits are constantly added at the other end. Treadmilling was discovered by Wegner, who defined the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints. Wegner recognized that: “The equilibrium constant (K) for association of a monomer with a polymer is the same at both ends, since the addition of a monomer to each end leads to the same polymer.”; (en)
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  • Als Treadmilling bzw. Tretmühlenmechanismus wird ein Phänomen bei der Polymerisation von Aktinfilamenten im Cytoplasma eukaryotischer Zellen bezeichnet. Wenn das Aktinpolymer den steady state erreicht hat, erfolgt ein Nettoaufbau von Aktin am Plusende des Aktinfilaments. Zur gleichen Zeit erfolgt ein Nettoabbau von Aktin am Minusende des Aktinfilaments. Die Länge des Aktinfilaments bleibt dabei konstant. Gleichzeitig existiert ein Nettodurchfluss von Aktinmonomeren. Dieses Phänomen wird als Treadmilling bezeichnet. (de)
  • In molecular biology, treadmilling is a phenomenon observed within protein filaments of the cytoskeletons of many cells, especially in actin filaments and microtubules. It occurs when one end of a filament grows in length while the other end shrinks, resulting in a section of filament seemingly "moving" across a stratum or the cytosol. This is due to the constant removal of the protein subunits from these filaments at one end of the filament, while protein subunits are constantly added at the other end. Treadmilling was discovered by Wegner, who defined the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints. Wegner recognized that: “The equilibrium constant (K) for association of a monomer with a polymer is the same at both ends, since the addition of a monomer to each end leads to the same polymer.”; a simple reversible polymer can’t treadmill; ATP hydrolysis is required. GTP is hydrolyzed for microtubule treadmilling. (en)
  • Treadmilling är en mekanism som förekommer i en majoritet av cytoskelettala filament. Mekanismen är särskilt viktig för uppbyggnaden av mikrotubuli såväl som aktinfilament, F-aktin. Processen möjliggörs av att mikrotubuli samt F-aktin är polära filament, där tubuli respektive G-aktin, vilka är de monomerer som bygger upp filamenten, orienterar sig i samma riktning och således ger upphov till en plus- och minuspol. Nedbrytningen av polymeren sker i minuspolen, och uppbyggnaden genom en sammansättning av monomerer, sker främst i pluspolen. Det är fenomenet där depolymerisation sker i minuspolen och polymerisation sker i pluspolen som benämns som treadmilling. (sv)
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