Triomphe (French for triumph), once known as French Ruff, is a card game dating from the late 15th century. It most likely originated in France or Spain (as triunfo) and later spread to the rest of Europe. When the game arrived in Italy, it shared a similar name with the pre-existing game and deck known as trionfi; probably resulting in the latter becoming renamed as Tarocchi (tarot). While trionfi has a fifth suit that acts as permanent trumps, triomphe randomly selects one of the existing four suits as trumps. Another common feature of this game is the robbing of the stock. Triomphe became so popular that during the 16th century the earlier game of trionfi was gradually renamed tarocchi, tarot, or tarock. This game is the origin of the English word "trump" and is the ancestor of many tri
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| - Triomphe (en)
- Triomphe (jeu de cartes) (fr)
- Trionfo (gioco di carte Inghilterra) (it)
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| - La Triomphe est un ancien jeu de cartes, pour deux à cinq joueurs, attesté en français à partir de 1480. Il porte le concept d'atout, que désigne le mot triomphe, qui a donné son nom au jeu. La triomphe est probablement venue d'Italie, où on la connaît dès le XVe siècle sous le nom de trionfo. Ce mot a notamment donné trump en anglais, triunfo en espagnol, ou encore Trumpf en allemand, termes qui désignent tous l'atout. (fr)
- Triomphe (French for triumph), once known as French Ruff, is a card game dating from the late 15th century. It most likely originated in France or Spain (as triunfo) and later spread to the rest of Europe. When the game arrived in Italy, it shared a similar name with the pre-existing game and deck known as trionfi; probably resulting in the latter becoming renamed as Tarocchi (tarot). While trionfi has a fifth suit that acts as permanent trumps, triomphe randomly selects one of the existing four suits as trumps. Another common feature of this game is the robbing of the stock. Triomphe became so popular that during the 16th century the earlier game of trionfi was gradually renamed tarocchi, tarot, or tarock. This game is the origin of the English word "trump" and is the ancestor of many tri (en)
- Il Trionfo è un antico gioco già conosciuto in Inghilterra verso la metà del XVI secolo. Taluni lo ritengono di origine spagnola, altri ancora di origine napoletana. Certo è che nelle sue variazioni regionali (Marafone o Beccaccino in Romagna, Terziglio o Calabresella in Lombardia), è notissimo anche in Italia. Molti tra cui l'autore di un paio di trattati sull'argomento, sono più propensi a pensare ad eventuali origini britanniche. Sembra infatti che proprio dal Trionfo derivino i vari giochi fondati sulla preminenza di un seme sugli altri, come ad esempio il Bridge, il Whist od il Biritch. Dal vocabolo triumph inoltre deriva trump, che in inglese indica appunto il seme che prende gli altri. Rimane comunque indubbia la sua parentela con il Tressette, gioco popolarissimo in tutta Italia (it)
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| - Trump, Triumph, French Ruff (en)
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| - The suit of Spades from a French pack, ranking as in Triomphe (en)
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| - File:Suit of Spades-Écarté.jpg (en)
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| - A very early trump game (en)
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| - La Triomphe est un ancien jeu de cartes, pour deux à cinq joueurs, attesté en français à partir de 1480. Il porte le concept d'atout, que désigne le mot triomphe, qui a donné son nom au jeu. La triomphe est probablement venue d'Italie, où on la connaît dès le XVe siècle sous le nom de trionfo. Ce mot a notamment donné trump en anglais, triunfo en espagnol, ou encore Trumpf en allemand, termes qui désignent tous l'atout. Les grammairiens ont veillé à le mettre au féminin, pour ne pas le confondre avec le sens commun de triomphe. Ainsi, Gilles Ménage, Observations de Monsieur Menage sur la langue françoise. Seconde édition, Paris, 1675, écrit : « TRIOMPHE. Féminin en termes de jeu de cartes. Joüer à la triomphe. J’avois deux bonnes triomphes. Il a coupé d’une haute triomphe. », insistant sur le féminin. La triomphe a disparu autour de 1800, et avec elle le sens d’atout du mot triomphe, désormais remplacé par atout. C’est l’écarté, autre rejeton de ce jeu ancestral, qui lui a succédé. (fr)
- Triomphe (French for triumph), once known as French Ruff, is a card game dating from the late 15th century. It most likely originated in France or Spain (as triunfo) and later spread to the rest of Europe. When the game arrived in Italy, it shared a similar name with the pre-existing game and deck known as trionfi; probably resulting in the latter becoming renamed as Tarocchi (tarot). While trionfi has a fifth suit that acts as permanent trumps, triomphe randomly selects one of the existing four suits as trumps. Another common feature of this game is the robbing of the stock. Triomphe became so popular that during the 16th century the earlier game of trionfi was gradually renamed tarocchi, tarot, or tarock. This game is the origin of the English word "trump" and is the ancestor of many trick-taking games like Euchre (via Écarté) and Whist (via Ruff and Honours). (en)
- Il Trionfo è un antico gioco già conosciuto in Inghilterra verso la metà del XVI secolo. Taluni lo ritengono di origine spagnola, altri ancora di origine napoletana. Certo è che nelle sue variazioni regionali (Marafone o Beccaccino in Romagna, Terziglio o Calabresella in Lombardia), è notissimo anche in Italia. Molti tra cui l'autore di un paio di trattati sull'argomento, sono più propensi a pensare ad eventuali origini britanniche. Sembra infatti che proprio dal Trionfo derivino i vari giochi fondati sulla preminenza di un seme sugli altri, come ad esempio il Bridge, il Whist od il Biritch. Dal vocabolo triumph inoltre deriva trump, che in inglese indica appunto il seme che prende gli altri. Rimane comunque indubbia la sua parentela con il Tressette, gioco popolarissimo in tutta Italia. Il Trionfo si gioca con un mazzo di quaranta carte italiane o francesi o regionali. Si gioca in quattro persone a coppie, o anche solo in due, in questo caso prende il nome di "Spizzichino". (it)
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