The Two Penny Act was a law enacted in 1758 by the Virginia Assembly which affected the compensation of Anglican ministers in the Virginia colony. From the controversy surrounding it arose the Parson's Cause trial, which is regarded as an important event in the history of American Independence.
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| - 2페니 법 (ko)
- Two Penny Act (en)
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| - 2페니 법(Two-Penny Act)은 1758년 에서 통과된 법으로 버지니아 식민지에 있는 영국 소속의 목회자들에 대한 봉급에 영향을 주게 된 법이다. 이 법은 미국의 독립에 영향을 준 사제의 소송의 한 목록에 속한다. 이 법을 통하여 버지니아 식민지에 사는 주민들이 성직자에 대항하는 반성직자 정서를 낳게 되었다. 성직자에 대한 봉급은 담배농사의 수확에 따라서 책정되었는 데, 3년 내내 형편없는 수확이 발생하자 의회를 열어 성직자의 봉급을 재심의 하게 된다. 그 결과, 성직자의 임금이 평소의 삼분의 일로 재책정된 법이 통과되었다. 1759년 5월에 영국의 의회에 제의되었지만, 영국 의회는 거절하고 다시는 이런 일이 없기를 당부한다. (ko)
- The Two Penny Act was a law enacted in 1758 by the Virginia Assembly which affected the compensation of Anglican ministers in the Virginia colony. From the controversy surrounding it arose the Parson's Cause trial, which is regarded as an important event in the history of American Independence. (en)
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| - The Two Penny Act was a law enacted in 1758 by the Virginia Assembly which affected the compensation of Anglican ministers in the Virginia colony. From the controversy surrounding it arose the Parson's Cause trial, which is regarded as an important event in the history of American Independence. The act was issued after three years of drought which produced a low-yielding tobacco crop. The one-year measure allowed Anglican ministers' salaries to be paid at a fixed rate of two cents per pound of tobacco, as tobacco was often used as currency. The market rate at the time was set at four to six pence per pound of tobacco. Once the loss of value was factored in, a clergyman was receiving about one-third of his normal, stipulated salary. The colony's councilors had approved and, with the House of Burgesses, convinced royal governor Francis Fauquier to allow the act to go into effect. In doing so, Fauquier deviated from his royally mandated instructions. He defended his royal malfeasance by arguing that, in reality, he had no choice. "As the Bill," he wrote, "was a temporary Law to ease the people from a Burthen [sic] which the Country thought too great for them to bear.... The country were intent upon it, and both the Council and the House of Burgesses were almost unanimous in their pressing it. And I conceived it would be a very wrong Step for me to take who was an entire Stranger to the Distresses of the Country, to set my Face against the whole colony by refusing the Bill which I had a Precedent for Passing. Whatever may be the Case now, I am persuaded that if I had refused it, I must have despaired ever gaining any Influence either in the Council or House of Burgesses." In May 1759, petitions were presented to the British Board of Trade on behalf of the Virginia Clergy asking for its repeal. Lord Halifax recommended that the act be disallowed and demanded that Governor Fauquier "for the future strictly observe and obey" his royal instructions. It was disallowed by the end of August 1759 by the Board. (en)
- 2페니 법(Two-Penny Act)은 1758년 에서 통과된 법으로 버지니아 식민지에 있는 영국 소속의 목회자들에 대한 봉급에 영향을 주게 된 법이다. 이 법은 미국의 독립에 영향을 준 사제의 소송의 한 목록에 속한다. 이 법을 통하여 버지니아 식민지에 사는 주민들이 성직자에 대항하는 반성직자 정서를 낳게 되었다. 성직자에 대한 봉급은 담배농사의 수확에 따라서 책정되었는 데, 3년 내내 형편없는 수확이 발생하자 의회를 열어 성직자의 봉급을 재심의 하게 된다. 그 결과, 성직자의 임금이 평소의 삼분의 일로 재책정된 법이 통과되었다. 1759년 5월에 영국의 의회에 제의되었지만, 영국 의회는 거절하고 다시는 이런 일이 없기를 당부한다. (ko)
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