Vilnius Land Bank (Lithuanian: Vilniaus žemės bankas, Polish: Wileński Bank Ziemski, Russian: Виленский земельный банк) was the first bank established in Vilnius (Vilna, Wilno), present-day Lithuania. It was a private joint-stock mortgage bank serving the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire. Its mission was to provide loans collateralized by real estate to manor owners (agriculture) and city residents (industry). As it could not accept deposits, the bank issued mortgage bonds to raise funds for the loans. The bank was established in 1872 after a banking reform. It was one of eleven land banks operating in the Empire, and grew to be one of the largest. Despite several economic crises, particularly the one caused by the Russian Revolution of 1905, the outstanding loans grew from 5 millio