Virtual Reference Station (VRS) networks use real-time kinematic (RTK) solutions to provide high-accuracy, RTK Global Navigation Satellite Systems. To reach centimeter-level – or even better – accuracy of positioning typically requires precise dual-frequency carrier phase observations. Furthermore, these observations are usually processed using a differential GNSS (DGNSS) algorithm, such as real time kinematic (RTK) or post-processing (PP). Regardless of the specific differential algorithm, however, implicit in the process is an assumption that the quality of the reference station data is consistent with the desired level of positioning accuracy.
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| - Virtual Reference Station (en)
- 虚拟参考站 (zh)
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| - 虚拟参考站技术（Virtual Reference Station，简称VRS）也称虚拟基准站技术，是一种网络实时动态测量（RTK）技术，通过在某一区域内建立构成网状覆盖的多个GPS基准站，在流动站附近建立一个虚拟基准站，根据周围各基准站上的实际观测值算出该虚拟基准站的虚拟观测值，实现用户站的高精度定位。 虚拟参考站技术主要由控制中心、固定站和用户3部分组成。与常规的RTK测量不同，VRS网络各固定参考站不直接向移动用户发送任何改正信息，而是将所有的原始数据通过数据通讯线发给控制中心。同时，移动用户在工作前，先通过GSM的短信息功能向控制中心发送一个概略坐标，控制中心收到这个位置信息后，根据用户位置，由计算机自动选择最佳的一组固定基准站，根据这些站发出来的信息，整体的改正GPS的轨道误差，电离层，对流层和大气折射引起的误差，将高精度的差分信号发送给移动站。这个差分信号的效果相当于在移动站旁边，生成一个虚拟的参考基站，从而解决了RTK作业距离上的限制问题，并保证了用户的精度。2000年，美国天宝公司正式推出了该项技术。 与传统的RTK技术相比，VRS提高了系统的可靠性，提高了定位精度，扩大有效工作范围。 (zh)
- Virtual Reference Station (VRS) networks use real-time kinematic (RTK) solutions to provide high-accuracy, RTK Global Navigation Satellite Systems. To reach centimeter-level – or even better – accuracy of positioning typically requires precise dual-frequency carrier phase observations. Furthermore, these observations are usually processed using a differential GNSS (DGNSS) algorithm, such as real time kinematic (RTK) or post-processing (PP). Regardless of the specific differential algorithm, however, implicit in the process is an assumption that the quality of the reference station data is consistent with the desired level of positioning accuracy. (en)
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| - Virtual Reference Station (VRS) networks use real-time kinematic (RTK) solutions to provide high-accuracy, RTK Global Navigation Satellite Systems. To reach centimeter-level – or even better – accuracy of positioning typically requires precise dual-frequency carrier phase observations. Furthermore, these observations are usually processed using a differential GNSS (DGNSS) algorithm, such as real time kinematic (RTK) or post-processing (PP). Regardless of the specific differential algorithm, however, implicit in the process is an assumption that the quality of the reference station data is consistent with the desired level of positioning accuracy. The virtual reference station (VRS) concept can help to satisfy this requirement using a network of reference stations. As a quick review, a typical DGNSS setup consists of a single reference station from which the raw data (or corrections) are sent to the rover receiver (i.e., the user). The user then forms the carrier phase differences (or corrects their raw data) and performs the data processing using the differential corrections. In contrast, GNSS network architectures often make use of multiple reference stations. This approach allows a more precise modeling of distance-dependent systematic errors principally caused by ionospheric and tropospheric refractions, and satellite orbit errors. More specifically, a GNSS network decreases the dependence of the error budget on the distance of nearest antenna. (en)
- 虚拟参考站技术（Virtual Reference Station，简称VRS）也称虚拟基准站技术，是一种网络实时动态测量（RTK）技术，通过在某一区域内建立构成网状覆盖的多个GPS基准站，在流动站附近建立一个虚拟基准站，根据周围各基准站上的实际观测值算出该虚拟基准站的虚拟观测值，实现用户站的高精度定位。 虚拟参考站技术主要由控制中心、固定站和用户3部分组成。与常规的RTK测量不同，VRS网络各固定参考站不直接向移动用户发送任何改正信息，而是将所有的原始数据通过数据通讯线发给控制中心。同时，移动用户在工作前，先通过GSM的短信息功能向控制中心发送一个概略坐标，控制中心收到这个位置信息后，根据用户位置，由计算机自动选择最佳的一组固定基准站，根据这些站发出来的信息，整体的改正GPS的轨道误差，电离层，对流层和大气折射引起的误差，将高精度的差分信号发送给移动站。这个差分信号的效果相当于在移动站旁边，生成一个虚拟的参考基站，从而解决了RTK作业距离上的限制问题，并保证了用户的精度。2000年，美国天宝公司正式推出了该项技术。 与传统的RTK技术相比，VRS提高了系统的可靠性，提高了定位精度，扩大有效工作范围。 (zh)
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