Wentworth Cheswell (11 April 1746 – 8 March 1817) was an American assessor, auditor, Justice of the Peace, teacher and Revolutionary War veteran in Newmarket, New Hampshire. Elected as town constable in 1768, he was elected to other positions, serving in local government every year but one until his death. Some sources consider Cheswell to be the first African American elected to public office in the history of the United States, as well as the first African American judicial officer. Others are less sure, noting he was biracial and recorded as "white" in censuses.