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The Wushi'er Bingfang (Chinese: 五十二病方; pinyin: Wǔshí’èr Bìngfāng), or Recipes for Fifty-Two Ailments, is an ancient Chinese medical text that was discovered in 1973 in Mawangdui in a tomb that was sealed in 168 BCE under the Han dynasty. The text was copied in seal script on sheets of silk around 215 BCE, under the Qin dynasty, but might have dated from even earlier. Modern editors chose its title because the text starts with a list of fifty-two ailments for which recipes are given. The formulary presents more than 250 exorcistic and drug-based cures for ailments such as warts, hemorrhoids, inguinal swellings, and snake bites. Among other medical treatments, the text also recommends lancing and cauterization, but mention neither acupuncture nor moxibustion (cauterization with moxa).

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  • Wushi’er bingfang (de)
  • Wushi'er Bingfang (it)
  • Wushi'er Bingfang (en)
  • 五十二病方 (zh)
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  • Das Wushi'er bingfang (chinesisch 五十二病方, Pinyin Wǔshí'èr bìngfāng, W.-G. Wu shih erh ping fang – „Rezepte gegen zweiundfünfzig Krankheiten“) ist ein medizinisches aus dem Han-Grab Nr. 3 von Mawangdui (马王堆/馬王堆), Changsha (Provinz Hunan, China). Der Verfasser ist unbekannt. Es wurde ungefähr im 3. Jahrhundert v. Chr. verfasst und enthält über 280 Rezepte gegen 52 Krankheiten. Die erste Ausgabe des Werkes erschien 1979 im Pekinger Verlag Wenwu Chubanshe. Zusammen mit dem Wushi’er bingfang wurden vier weitere medizinische Seidenbücher gefunden. (de)
  • The Wushi'er Bingfang (Chinese: 五十二病方; pinyin: Wǔshí’èr Bìngfāng), or Recipes for Fifty-Two Ailments, is an ancient Chinese medical text that was discovered in 1973 in Mawangdui in a tomb that was sealed in 168 BCE under the Han dynasty. The text was copied in seal script on sheets of silk around 215 BCE, under the Qin dynasty, but might have dated from even earlier. Modern editors chose its title because the text starts with a list of fifty-two ailments for which recipes are given. The formulary presents more than 250 exorcistic and drug-based cures for ailments such as warts, hemorrhoids, inguinal swellings, and snake bites. Among other medical treatments, the text also recommends lancing and cauterization, but mention neither acupuncture nor moxibustion (cauterization with moxa). (en)
  • Wushi'er Bingfang (lingua cinese 五十二病方), o Ricettario di formule per cinquantadue malattie, è un testo medico dell'antica Cina scoperto nel 1973 a Mawangdui in una tomba che era stata sigillata nel 168 a.C. sotto la dinastia Han. Il testo era copiato in scrittura seal su fogli di seta intorno al 215 a.C. sotto la dinastia Qin, ma potrebbe essere molto anteriore. I moderni editori gli hanno scelto quel titolo perché il testo inizia con una lista di cinquantadue disturbi per i quali sono fornite le ricette. Il formulario presenta più di 250 esorcismi e le cure a base di farmaci per disturbi quali verruche, emorroidi, ernia inguinale e morsi di serpente. Fra gli altri trattamenti medici, il testo tratta di incisione drenaggio e cauterizzazione, ma non fa menzione di agopuntura e di moxibustio (it)
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  • 五十二病方 (en)
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  • Wǔshí’èr Bìngfāng (en)
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  • Das Wushi'er bingfang (chinesisch 五十二病方, Pinyin Wǔshí'èr bìngfāng, W.-G. Wu shih erh ping fang – „Rezepte gegen zweiundfünfzig Krankheiten“) ist ein medizinisches aus dem Han-Grab Nr. 3 von Mawangdui (马王堆/馬王堆), Changsha (Provinz Hunan, China). Der Verfasser ist unbekannt. Es wurde ungefähr im 3. Jahrhundert v. Chr. verfasst und enthält über 280 Rezepte gegen 52 Krankheiten. Die erste Ausgabe des Werkes erschien 1979 im Pekinger Verlag Wenwu Chubanshe. Weil darin unter zweiundfünfzig Überschriften Rezepte gegen verschiedene Krankheiten aufgezeichnet sind, wurde es „Rezepte gegen zweiundfünfzig Krankheiten“ (Wǔshí'èr bìngfāng) genannt. Insgesamt sind darin 283 Rezepte enthalten und es kommen 103 Krankheitsnamen vor. Es ist zurzeit die älteste bekannte Rezeptsammlung der traditionellen chinesischen Medizin und stellt eine überaus wichtige Quelle zur Geschichte der chinesischen Medizin, Diätetik sowie Ess- und Trinkkultur dar. Zusammen mit dem Wushi’er bingfang wurden vier weitere medizinische Seidenbücher gefunden. Auch die Bedeutung weiterer Textfunde und sonstiger Funde aus diesem Grab sowie aus den weiteren Han-Gräbern von Changsha Mawangdui kann nur schwer überschätzt werden. (de)
  • The Wushi'er Bingfang (Chinese: 五十二病方; pinyin: Wǔshí’èr Bìngfāng), or Recipes for Fifty-Two Ailments, is an ancient Chinese medical text that was discovered in 1973 in Mawangdui in a tomb that was sealed in 168 BCE under the Han dynasty. The text was copied in seal script on sheets of silk around 215 BCE, under the Qin dynasty, but might have dated from even earlier. Modern editors chose its title because the text starts with a list of fifty-two ailments for which recipes are given. The formulary presents more than 250 exorcistic and drug-based cures for ailments such as warts, hemorrhoids, inguinal swellings, and snake bites. Among other medical treatments, the text also recommends lancing and cauterization, but mention neither acupuncture nor moxibustion (cauterization with moxa). With roughly 9,950 characters, Wushi'er bingfang is the longest of the medical texts that have been found in ancient Chinese tombs. Along with other excavated manuscripts (from Zhangjiashan and Wuwei, among others), it has shed light on the early development of Chinese medicine. It illustrates, for instance, that magical incantations were a common therapeutic method among the social elite of the time. And because it shows the development of channel theory in a primitive stage and does not mention the doctrine of Yinyang and the Five Phases, it has pushed historians to date the more sophisticated Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) to the first century BCE. The original manuscript of Wushi'er bingfang is kept at the Hunan Provincial Museum in Changsha. (en)
  • Wushi'er Bingfang (lingua cinese 五十二病方), o Ricettario di formule per cinquantadue malattie, è un testo medico dell'antica Cina scoperto nel 1973 a Mawangdui in una tomba che era stata sigillata nel 168 a.C. sotto la dinastia Han. Il testo era copiato in scrittura seal su fogli di seta intorno al 215 a.C. sotto la dinastia Qin, ma potrebbe essere molto anteriore. I moderni editori gli hanno scelto quel titolo perché il testo inizia con una lista di cinquantadue disturbi per i quali sono fornite le ricette. Il formulario presenta più di 250 esorcismi e le cure a base di farmaci per disturbi quali verruche, emorroidi, ernia inguinale e morsi di serpente. Fra gli altri trattamenti medici, il testo tratta di incisione drenaggio e cauterizzazione, ma non fa menzione di agopuntura e di moxibustione. Con circa 9 950 caratteri, Wushi'er Bingfang è il più lungo testo medico trovato nelle antiche tombe cinesi. Assieme agli altri manoscritti trovati (da e Wuwei, fra gli altri), ha messo in luce lo sviluppo precoce della medicina cinese. Esso illustra, per esempio, che le pratiche magiche e gli incantesimi erano un metodo terapeutico comune nella società cinese del tempo. Poiché mostra lo sviluppo della teoria dei canali di energia ad uno stadio primitivo ma non menziona la dottrina dello e delle cinque fasi, ha indotto gli storici a datare il più sofisticato Huangdi Neijing (Canone di medicina interna dell'imperatore giallo) al I secolo a.C. Il manoscritto originale del Wushi'er Bingfang si trova nell' di Changsha. (it)
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