Athanasios Orphanides (born 22 March 1962) is a Cypriot economist who served as Governor of the Central Bank of Cyprus between 3 May 2007 to 2 May 2012 and as a member of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank between 1 January 2008 and 2 May 2012. He holds undergraduate degrees in mathematics and economics as well as PhD in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.