Benjamin Babock Thurston (June 29, 1804 – May 17, 1886) was a U.S. Representative from Rhode Island. Born in Hopkinton, Rhode Island, Thurston attended the common schools, and later engaged in mercantile pursuits. He served as member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives 1831-1837, and as Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island from 1837 to 1838 serving under Governor John B. Francis. Thurston was elected as a Democrat to the Thirtieth Congress (March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1849 to the Thirty-first Congress.