Browder v. Gayle, 142 F. Supp. 707 (1956), was a case heard before a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama on Montgomery and Alabama state bus segregation laws. The panel consisted of Middle District of Alabama Judge Frank Minis Johnson, Northern District of Alabama Judge Seybourn Harris Lynne, and Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Richard Rives. The main plaintiffs in the case were Aurelia Browder, Claudette Colvin, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith. Jeanetta Reese had originally been a plaintiff in the case, but intimidation by segregationists (including threatening phone calls and pressure from a senior police officer for whom she worked) caused her to withdraw in February. She falsely claimed she had not agreed to the lawsuit, w
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| - Browder v. Gayle (en)
- Browder contro Gayle (it)
- Browder v. Gayle (fr)
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| - Browder v. Gayle est une décision de justice rendue par une cour fédérale de district américaine, à propos de la ségrégation raciale dans les bus en Alabama. Par deux voix contre une, la Cour a décidé le 5 juin 1956, que la ségrégation dans les bus était inconstitutionnelle au regard du Quatorzième amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis et de l'égalité des droits qui doit être accordée à tout citoyen. La Cour suprême des États-Unis sous la présidence d'Earl Warren confirma la décision le 13 novembre 1956, à la suite de l'appel interjeté par l'État d'Alabama et la ville de Montgomery. (fr)
- Browder v. Gayle, 142 F. Supp. 707 (1956), was a case heard before a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama on Montgomery and Alabama state bus segregation laws. The panel consisted of Middle District of Alabama Judge Frank Minis Johnson, Northern District of Alabama Judge Seybourn Harris Lynne, and Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Richard Rives. The main plaintiffs in the case were Aurelia Browder, Claudette Colvin, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith. Jeanetta Reese had originally been a plaintiff in the case, but intimidation by segregationists (including threatening phone calls and pressure from a senior police officer for whom she worked) caused her to withdraw in February. She falsely claimed she had not agreed to the lawsuit, w (en)
- Browder contro Gayle è stato un caso giudiziario del 1956 affrontato dalla Corte Distrettuale degli Stati Uniti per l'Alabama e riguardante le leggi sulla segregazione degli autobus di Montgomery. Il gruppo di giudici consisteva in , e . La sentenza finale, approvata il 5 giugno 1956 con una maggioranza di 2 a 1 (Lynne votò contro), stabilì che la segregazione sui bus era incostituzionale stando al 14° Emendamento della Costituzione che sanciva eguali diritti per tutti i cittadini. (it)
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| - Browder v. Gayle, 142 F. Supp. 707 (1956), was a case heard before a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama on Montgomery and Alabama state bus segregation laws. The panel consisted of Middle District of Alabama Judge Frank Minis Johnson, Northern District of Alabama Judge Seybourn Harris Lynne, and Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Richard Rives. The main plaintiffs in the case were Aurelia Browder, Claudette Colvin, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith. Jeanetta Reese had originally been a plaintiff in the case, but intimidation by segregationists (including threatening phone calls and pressure from a senior police officer for whom she worked) caused her to withdraw in February. She falsely claimed she had not agreed to the lawsuit, which led to an unsuccessful attempt to disbar Fred Gray for supposedly improperly representing her. On June 5, 1956, the District Court ruled 2-1, with Lynne dissenting, that bus segregation is unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The state and city appealed, and the decision was summarily affirmed by the United States Supreme Court on November 13, 1956. (en)
- Browder v. Gayle est une décision de justice rendue par une cour fédérale de district américaine, à propos de la ségrégation raciale dans les bus en Alabama. Par deux voix contre une, la Cour a décidé le 5 juin 1956, que la ségrégation dans les bus était inconstitutionnelle au regard du Quatorzième amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis et de l'égalité des droits qui doit être accordée à tout citoyen. La Cour suprême des États-Unis sous la présidence d'Earl Warren confirma la décision le 13 novembre 1956, à la suite de l'appel interjeté par l'État d'Alabama et la ville de Montgomery. (fr)
- Browder contro Gayle è stato un caso giudiziario del 1956 affrontato dalla Corte Distrettuale degli Stati Uniti per l'Alabama e riguardante le leggi sulla segregazione degli autobus di Montgomery. Il gruppo di giudici consisteva in , e . La sentenza finale, approvata il 5 giugno 1956 con una maggioranza di 2 a 1 (Lynne votò contro), stabilì che la segregazione sui bus era incostituzionale stando al 14° Emendamento della Costituzione che sanciva eguali diritti per tutti i cittadini. Lo stato e la città fecero ricorso ma la decisione fu infine ufficializzata dalla Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti d'America il 13 novembre dello stesso anno. Una mozione per una chiarificazione e per un eventuale ricorso il 17 dicembre 1956. (it)
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