Brownies, formerly Brownie Brown Co. Ltd., is a Japanese video game developer founded on June 30, 2000, in Tokyo, Japan. They previously developed games in partnership with Nintendo subsidiary 1-Up Studio. On February 1, 2013, the company ended their co-development efforts with Nintendo due to a change in internal structure and publicized the change with a celebration of Brownie Brown's 12 years of games in the June 2013 issue of Nintendo Dream. Brownies has been developing their own titles outside of Nintendo since the separation from 1-Up Studio.