Caparo Industries PLC v Dickman [1990] UKHL 2 is a leading English tort law case on the test for a duty of care. The House of Lords, following the Court of Appeal, set out a "three-fold test". In order for a duty of care to arise in negligence: * harm must be reasonably foreseeable as a potential result of the defendant's conduct (as established in Donoghue v Stevenson), * the parties must be in a relationship of proximity, and * it must be fair, just and reasonable to impose liability.