The Cortes of León or Decreta of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval Kingdom of León. According to UNESCO it is the first documented example of parliamentarism in history. After coming to power, King Alfonso IX, facing an attack by his neighbours, Castile and Portugal, decided to summon the curia regis or king's court/royal council to the Basilica of San Isidoro, León. This was a gathering of the nobility and the higher clergy called to advise the king, used in numerous countries during the Middle Ages. Because of the seriousness of the situation, Alfonso IX also called in representatives of the wealthy merchants and tradesmen from the most important cities of the kingdom, thus uniting the three Estates of the Realm in one council.
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| - Corts de Lleó de 1188 (ca)
- Kortesoj de Leono (eo)
- Cortes of León of 1188 (en)
- Cortes de León de 1188 (es)
- Cortes de Leão de 1188 (pt)
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| - Les Corts de Lleó de 1188 es van celebrar al començament del regnat d'Alfons IX (1188-1230) al claustre de la , tal com es manté en l'afirmació del monarca en una comunicació a l'. Posteriors a les Corts d'Aragó de 1162, són considerades les primeres corts de tota Europa amb participació popular efectiva després de la caiguda de l'Imperi Romà. (ca)
- Las Cortes de León de 1188 se celebraron durante la primavera de ese año, al principio del reinado de Alfonso IX de León, en el claustro de la Basílica de San Isidoro de León, y así se lo comunica el monarca al arzobispo de Compostela. En 2013 la Unesco las reconoció en el Programa Memoria del Mundo como «el testimonio documental más antiguo del sistema parlamentario europeo». (es)
- As Cortes de Leão celebradas em 1188 desenvolveram-se no começo do reinado de Afonso IX no claustro da Basílica de Santo Isidoro, tal como se encontra registado numa comunicação do monarca ao Arcebispo de Compostela. (pt)
- The Cortes of León or Decreta of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval Kingdom of León. According to UNESCO it is the first documented example of parliamentarism in history. After coming to power, King Alfonso IX, facing an attack by his neighbours, Castile and Portugal, decided to summon the curia regis or king's court/royal council to the Basilica of San Isidoro, León. This was a gathering of the nobility and the higher clergy called to advise the king, used in numerous countries during the Middle Ages. Because of the seriousness of the situation, Alfonso IX also called in representatives of the wealthy merchants and tradesmen from the most important cities of the kingdom, thus uniting the three Estates of the Realm in one council. (en)
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| - Les Corts de Lleó de 1188 es van celebrar al començament del regnat d'Alfons IX (1188-1230) al claustre de la , tal com es manté en l'afirmació del monarca en una comunicació a l'. Posteriors a les Corts d'Aragó de 1162, són considerades les primeres corts de tota Europa amb participació popular efectiva després de la caiguda de l'Imperi Romà. (ca)
- Las Cortes de León de 1188 se celebraron durante la primavera de ese año, al principio del reinado de Alfonso IX de León, en el claustro de la Basílica de San Isidoro de León, y así se lo comunica el monarca al arzobispo de Compostela. En 2013 la Unesco las reconoció en el Programa Memoria del Mundo como «el testimonio documental más antiguo del sistema parlamentario europeo». (es)
- The Cortes of León or Decreta of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval Kingdom of León. According to UNESCO it is the first documented example of parliamentarism in history. After coming to power, King Alfonso IX, facing an attack by his neighbours, Castile and Portugal, decided to summon the curia regis or king's court/royal council to the Basilica of San Isidoro, León. This was a gathering of the nobility and the higher clergy called to advise the king, used in numerous countries during the Middle Ages. Because of the seriousness of the situation, Alfonso IX also called in representatives of the wealthy merchants and tradesmen from the most important cities of the kingdom, thus uniting the three Estates of the Realm in one council. However, all these meetings were exceptional and did not lead to a regular attendance of commoners (the Third Estate) in the council. León's Cortes dealt with matters like the right to private property, the inviolability of domicile, the right to appeal to justice opposite the King and the obligation of the King to consult the Cortes before entering a war. (en)
- As Cortes de Leão celebradas em 1188 desenvolveram-se no começo do reinado de Afonso IX no claustro da Basílica de Santo Isidoro, tal como se encontra registado numa comunicação do monarca ao Arcebispo de Compostela. (pt)
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