About: Doctrine of necessity

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The doctrine of necessity is the basis on which extra-constitutional actions by administrative authority, which are designed to restore order or attain power on the pretext of stability, are considered to be lawful even if such an action contravenes established constitution, laws, norms, or conventions. The maxim on which the doctrine is based originated in the writings of the medieval jurist Henry de Bracton, and similar justifications for this kind of extra-legal action have been advanced by more recent legal authorities, including William Blackstone.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	mean of transportation
rdfs:label	Doctrine of necessity (en) Doctrine de la nécessité (fr) Principio di necessità (it)
rdfs:comment	La doctrine de la nécessité est un principe politique et une position de jurisprudence, développée pour la première fois en 1955 au Pakistan, visant à légaliser a posteriori des actions exécutives contraires à la Constitution ou à la loi. Elle a été également utilisée à Grenade en 1985 et au Nigeria en 2010. Les tenants de cette doctrine se sont notamment appuyés sur des principes plus anciens comme celui de Henry de Bracton de « légalité par nécessité ». (fr) Il principio di necessità è un principio generale dell'ordinamento che giustifica, in presenza di circostanze eccezionali, la violazione o la deroga del diritto normalmente vigente da parte delle autorità pubbliche o dei privati. Il principio è espresso dal brocardo Necessitas non habet legem, di origine canonistica medievale, che riformula una massima già presente nella letteratura latina dell'età ciceroniana (Publilio Siro) e augustea (Seneca il Vecchio). (it) The doctrine of necessity is the basis on which extra-constitutional actions by administrative authority, which are designed to restore order or attain power on the pretext of stability, are considered to be lawful even if such an action contravenes established constitution, laws, norms, or conventions. The maxim on which the doctrine is based originated in the writings of the medieval jurist Henry de Bracton, and similar justifications for this kind of extra-legal action have been advanced by more recent legal authorities, including William Blackstone. (en)
dcterms:subject	Politics of Pakistan Legal doctrines and principles Military terminology of Pakistan Political terminology in Pakistan
Wikipage page ID	13588638 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1117151696 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Northern Ireland Protocol Brexit withdrawal agreement David Mark House of Commons of the United Kingdom Customary international law International Law Commission International law Northern Ireland Protocol Bill Commonwealth of Nations Constituent Assembly of Pakistan Maurice Bishop Goodluck Jonathan Government of the United Kingdom Muhammad Munir Politics of Pakistan Liz Truss Malik Ghulam Muhammad Stanley Alexander de Smith William Blackstone European Commission Foreign Secretary Northern Ireland Governor-General of Pakistan Legal maxim Grenada Ivor Jennings Legal doctrines and principles Military terminology of Pakistan Political terminology in Pakistan Bilateral investment treaty Henry de Bracton Reference re Remuneration of Judges (No 2) Maroš Šefčovič Indian Independence Act 1947 Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts Umaru Yar'Adua Maulvi Tamizuddin dbr:Jus_Mundi
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://jusmundi.com/en/document/wiki/en-necessity-as-a-defence https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/netherlands-international-law-review/article/abs/invocation-of-necessity-in-international-law/4218579A3A5CF640DEF84288B8F380A6%7C
sameAs	Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity Doctrine of necessity
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has abstract	The doctrine of necessity is the basis on which extra-constitutional actions by administrative authority, which are designed to restore order or attain power on the pretext of stability, are considered to be lawful even if such an action contravenes established constitution, laws, norms, or conventions. The maxim on which the doctrine is based originated in the writings of the medieval jurist Henry de Bracton, and similar justifications for this kind of extra-legal action have been advanced by more recent legal authorities, including William Blackstone. In a controversial 1954 judgment, Pakistani Chief Justice Muhammad Munir validated the extra-constitutional use of emergency powers by Governor General, Ghulam Mohammad. In his judgment, the Chief Justice cited Bracton's maxim, 'that which is otherwise not lawful is made lawful by necessity', thereby providing the label that would come to be attached to the judgment and the doctrine that it was establishing. The doctrine of necessity may also refer to the necessity of a judge with a reasonable apprehension of bias continuing to decide a matter if there is no alternative to that judge. The Supreme Court of Canada applied this doctrine in the 1998 Reference re Remuneration of Judges (No 2) case. (en) La doctrine de la nécessité est un principe politique et une position de jurisprudence, développée pour la première fois en 1955 au Pakistan, visant à légaliser a posteriori des actions exécutives contraires à la Constitution ou à la loi. Elle a été également utilisée à Grenade en 1985 et au Nigeria en 2010. Les tenants de cette doctrine se sont notamment appuyés sur des principes plus anciens comme celui de Henry de Bracton de « légalité par nécessité ». (fr) Il principio di necessità è un principio generale dell'ordinamento che giustifica, in presenza di circostanze eccezionali, la violazione o la deroga del diritto normalmente vigente da parte delle autorità pubbliche o dei privati. Il principio è espresso dal brocardo Necessitas non habet legem, di origine canonistica medievale, che riformula una massima già presente nella letteratura latina dell'età ciceroniana (Publilio Siro) e augustea (Seneca il Vecchio). (it)
gold:hypernym	Basis
prov:wasDerivedFrom	wikipedia-en:Doctrine_of_necessity?oldid=1117151696&ns=0
page length (characters) of wiki page	16767 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	wikipedia-en:Doctrine_of_necessity
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Publilius Syrus Savalenoa Mareva Betham Annandale List of early landmark court cases Umaru Musa Yar'Adua Northern Ireland Protocol Bill Necessary R v Bournewood Community and Mental Health NHS Trust Government of Pakistan Monarchy of Canada Muhammad Munir Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq Confederate Conscription Acts 1862–1864 Constitution of Denmark Military coups in Pakistan 1958 Pakistani coup d'état Madzimbamuto v Lardner-Burke Doctrine of Necessity 1999 Pakistani coup d'état 2006 Fijian coup d'état Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan) Wayne Hsiung Justitium Remedies in Singapore constitutional law

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