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| - Економіка мая — сукупність галузей господарства в державах цивілізації мая, що відповідала історичним особливостям та географічно-кліматичним умовам. Складалася переважно з землеробства, ткацтва, гончарства, птахівництва, добування та обробки корисних копалень. Значного розвитку набула торгівля. Збиралися також данина і податки. (uk)
- Economy is conventionally defined as a function for production and distribution of goods and services by multiple agents within a society and/or geographical place An economy is hierarchical, made up of individuals that aggregate to make larger organizations such as governments and gives value to goods and services. The Maya economy had no universal form of trade exchange other than resources and services that could be provided among groups such as cacao beans and copper bells. Though there is limited archeological evidence to study the trade of perishable goods, it is noteworthy to explore the trade networks of artifacts and other luxury items that were likely transported together. (en)
- Экономика майя имела сложную организацию ввиду того, что в ней отсутствовали деньги, обмен товаров и услуг, производимых отдельными группами, осуществлялся напрямую. В сравнении с подробностью описания войн и вождей, майя оставили мало свидетельств о своей экономической системе и торговых связях. (ru)
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| has abstract
| - Economy is conventionally defined as a function for production and distribution of goods and services by multiple agents within a society and/or geographical place An economy is hierarchical, made up of individuals that aggregate to make larger organizations such as governments and gives value to goods and services. The Maya economy had no universal form of trade exchange other than resources and services that could be provided among groups such as cacao beans and copper bells. Though there is limited archeological evidence to study the trade of perishable goods, it is noteworthy to explore the trade networks of artifacts and other luxury items that were likely transported together. While subsistence agriculture played a central role in daily life, the Maya had a mechanism for economic exchange between settlements, which was capable of supporting specialists and a system of merchants through trade routes. Maya specialist Joanne Pillsbury states that "access to imported goods is perhaps the most recoverable aspect of prestige and leadership in ancient states." The power of Maya rulers not only depended on their ability to control resources, but also in managing the production and distribution of status goods as well as (non-local) commodities like salt. Furthermore, Maya laborers were subject to a labor tax to build palaces, temples and public works. A ruler successful in war was able to control more laborers and exact tribute on defeated enemies, further increasing their economic might. Over the early Neoclassic era (2000 BC to 250 AD), the Maya civilization had spread throughout the Yucatan Peninsula and modern southern Mexican states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, and Quintana Roo; and expanded throughout Central America in Guatemala, parts of Honduras, sections of El Salvador, and Belize. Large settlements across this region would use their most abundant resources to trade with other groups who did not have a lot of these resources. As part of the social economy, localized trade enabled comparative advantage to be utilised within communities that possessed products in abundance as they were able to exchange these with other communities to acquire what was unavailable locally. This framework was compounded to form a complex economy based on symbiotic relationships between communities and regions, wherein each relied on others to fill specific deficiencies in return for their specialized products, thus maximizing the overall production of the Maya kingdom. There for economic relationships began bilaterally between Maya groups, and from this trade, networks began to develop. (en)
- Экономика майя имела сложную организацию ввиду того, что в ней отсутствовали деньги, обмен товаров и услуг, производимых отдельными группами, осуществлялся напрямую. В сравнении с подробностью описания войн и вождей, майя оставили мало свидетельств о своей экономической системе и торговых связях. Основу майяской экономики составляли сельское хозяйство, продукция ремёсел и торговля. К 500-м годам до н. э. на территории Центральной Америки сформировались относительно крупные поселения майя, которые контролировали ресурсы и обменивали их группам, этих ресурсов лишённых. В конечном итоге сформировалась система из нескольких групп, производивших излишек определённого продукта и выменивавшего на него продукты, имевшиеся в избытке у других групп, но не у неё самой. (ru)
- Економіка мая — сукупність галузей господарства в державах цивілізації мая, що відповідала історичним особливостям та географічно-кліматичним умовам. Складалася переважно з землеробства, ткацтва, гончарства, птахівництва, добування та обробки корисних копалень. Значного розвитку набула торгівля. Збиралися також данина і податки. (uk)
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