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| - Le traité Eden-Rayneval est un de libre-échange signé par la France et la Grande-Bretagne le 26 septembre 1786. Visant à réduire progressivement les droits de douane entre les deux pays, il marque une libéralisation précoce des échanges internationaux en Europe. Ce traité provoque une crise économique et sociale dans le secteur textile en France. (fr)
- The Eden Treaty was a treaty signed between Great Britain and France in 1786, named after the British negotiator William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland (1744–1814). It effectively ended, for a brief time, the economic war between France and Great Britain and set up a system to reduce tariffs on goods from either country. It was spurred on in Britain by the secession of the thirteen American colonies, and the publication of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger was heavily influenced by the ideas of Smith, and was one of the key motivators of the treaty. Obstinancy in negotiations on the part of the British made the commercial agreement almost wholly beneficial to the British, and the unequal protection on certain industries ended up hurting the French ec (en)
- Traktat Edena-Raynevala (fr:Traité Eden-Rayneval, ang: Eden Agreement, Eden Treaty - "Traktat Edena") - traktat o wolnym handlu Francji z Wielką Brytanią, który podpisał w Londynie 26 września 1786 roku Joseph-Mathias Gérard de Rayneval (1736-1812) i William Eden, 1. baron d'Auckland (1745-1814). Spowodował on zalew francuskiego rynku przez towary brytyjskie. (pl)
- O Tratado de Eden, também referido como Tratado Eden-Rayneval, foi um diploma assinado entre a Grã-Bretanha e a França em 26 de setembro de 1786. Foram signatários do mesmo, respetivamente, William Eden d'Auckland e . O tratado colocou fim, por um curto período de tempo, à guerra econômica entre os dois países, e estabeleceu um sistema de redução progressiva de tarifas alfandegárias sobre bens de ambos os países. (pt)
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| has abstract
| - The Eden Treaty was a treaty signed between Great Britain and France in 1786, named after the British negotiator William Eden, 1st Baron Auckland (1744–1814). It effectively ended, for a brief time, the economic war between France and Great Britain and set up a system to reduce tariffs on goods from either country. It was spurred on in Britain by the secession of the thirteen American colonies, and the publication of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger was heavily influenced by the ideas of Smith, and was one of the key motivators of the treaty. Obstinancy in negotiations on the part of the British made the commercial agreement almost wholly beneficial to the British, and the unequal protection on certain industries ended up hurting the French economy. This treaty is often considered to be one of the grievances of the French people that sparked the French Revolution. The treaty collapsed in 1793, following claims in the National Convention that the Aliens Act 1793 breached the terms of the treaty and the outbreak of war in early February between Great Britain and France ended any chance of a compromise. (en)
- Le traité Eden-Rayneval est un de libre-échange signé par la France et la Grande-Bretagne le 26 septembre 1786. Visant à réduire progressivement les droits de douane entre les deux pays, il marque une libéralisation précoce des échanges internationaux en Europe. Ce traité provoque une crise économique et sociale dans le secteur textile en France. (fr)
- Traktat Edena-Raynevala (fr:Traité Eden-Rayneval, ang: Eden Agreement, Eden Treaty - "Traktat Edena") - traktat o wolnym handlu Francji z Wielką Brytanią, który podpisał w Londynie 26 września 1786 roku Joseph-Mathias Gérard de Rayneval (1736-1812) i William Eden, 1. baron d'Auckland (1745-1814). Spowodował on zalew francuskiego rynku przez towary brytyjskie. Traktat ten był przesiąknięty duchem dzieła Adama Smitha "Badania nad naturą i przyczynami bogactwa narodów" opublikowanego w 1776 roku. Popierali go zarówno William Pitt Młodszy, jak i Fizjokraci. Brytyjczycy jednak zbyt egoistycznie podtrzymali elementy swej ochrony celnej, w rezultacie czego, traktat był mało opłacalny dla Francji. (pl)
- O Tratado de Eden, também referido como Tratado Eden-Rayneval, foi um diploma assinado entre a Grã-Bretanha e a França em 26 de setembro de 1786. Foram signatários do mesmo, respetivamente, William Eden d'Auckland e . O tratado colocou fim, por um curto período de tempo, à guerra econômica entre os dois países, e estabeleceu um sistema de redução progressiva de tarifas alfandegárias sobre bens de ambos os países. A sua negociação, na Grã-Bretanha, foi estimulada tanto pela eclosão do processo de independência das treze colónias na América, como pela publicação da obra "A Riqueza das Nações" de Adam Smith. O Primeiro Ministro britânico William Pitt the Younger foi fortemente influenciado pelas idéias contidas na obra, e foi um dos motivadores-chave do tratado. À obstinação nas negociações por parte dos Britânicos, deveu-se que o acordo comercial os beneficiasse mais e a desigualdade de condições de proteção para certas indústrias acarretou danos à economia francesa. Este tratado é considerado como uma das razões que conduziram aos protestos do povo francês e que culminaram com a Revolução Francesa. Ele se tornaria letra-morta a partir de 1793 com a marcha da revolução. (pt)
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