Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) is one of the most common causes of unexpected brittle failure of thermoplastic (especially amorphous) polymers known at present. According to ASTM D883, stress cracking is defined as "an external or internal crack in a plastic caused by tensile stresses less than its short-term mechanical strength". This type of cracking typically involves brittle cracking, with little or no ductile drawing of the material from its adjacent failure surfaces. Environmental stress cracking may account for around 15-30% of all plastic component failures in service. This behavior is especially prevalent in glassy, amorphous thermoplastics. Amorphous polymers exhibit ESC because of their loose structure which makes it easier for the fluid to permeate into the polymer. Amorph
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| - Umgebungsbedingte Spannungsrissbildung (de)
- Environmental stress cracking (en)
- Frattura in ambiente attivo (ESC) (it)
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| - Wird ein Kunststoff an der Luft unterhalb seiner Streckgrenze mechanisch belastet, so können nach einem Zeitraum, der sehr lang sein kann, Spannungsrisse auftreten. Ursache können innere oder äußere Spannungen sein oder eine Kombination von beiden. Die gleichzeitige Beanspruchung durch ein chemisches Medium kann zu einer drastischen Verkürzung der Zeitspanne bis zum Bruch führen. Dieses Phänomen wird als umgebungsbedingte Spannungsrissbildung (environmental stress cracking = ESC) bezeichnet. (de)
- Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) is one of the most common causes of unexpected brittle failure of thermoplastic (especially amorphous) polymers known at present. According to ASTM D883, stress cracking is defined as "an external or internal crack in a plastic caused by tensile stresses less than its short-term mechanical strength". This type of cracking typically involves brittle cracking, with little or no ductile drawing of the material from its adjacent failure surfaces. Environmental stress cracking may account for around 15-30% of all plastic component failures in service. This behavior is especially prevalent in glassy, amorphous thermoplastics. Amorphous polymers exhibit ESC because of their loose structure which makes it easier for the fluid to permeate into the polymer. Amorph (en)
- La frattura in ambiente attivo (ESC) è una delle cause più comuni di rottura fragile inaspettata di polimeri termoplastici (specialmente amorfi) attualmente conosciuti. Secondo ASTM D883, lo stress cracking è definito come "una cricca esterna o interna in una plastica causata da tensioni di trazione inferiori alla sua resistenza meccanica a breve termine". Questo tipo di cedimento comporta tipicamente fratture fragili, con scarsa o molta limitata deformazione plastica del materiale. Si stima che la frattura in ambiente attivo possa rappresentare circa il 15-30% di tutti i guasti dei componenti in plastica in servizio. Questo comportamento è particolarmente diffuso nei termoplastici amorfi vetrosi, ma riguarda anche i materiali semicristallini. Il cedimento per ESC avviene comunque nella fa (it)
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| - Wird ein Kunststoff an der Luft unterhalb seiner Streckgrenze mechanisch belastet, so können nach einem Zeitraum, der sehr lang sein kann, Spannungsrisse auftreten. Ursache können innere oder äußere Spannungen sein oder eine Kombination von beiden. Die gleichzeitige Beanspruchung durch ein chemisches Medium kann zu einer drastischen Verkürzung der Zeitspanne bis zum Bruch führen. Dieses Phänomen wird als umgebungsbedingte Spannungsrissbildung (environmental stress cracking = ESC) bezeichnet. (de)
- Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) is one of the most common causes of unexpected brittle failure of thermoplastic (especially amorphous) polymers known at present. According to ASTM D883, stress cracking is defined as "an external or internal crack in a plastic caused by tensile stresses less than its short-term mechanical strength". This type of cracking typically involves brittle cracking, with little or no ductile drawing of the material from its adjacent failure surfaces. Environmental stress cracking may account for around 15-30% of all plastic component failures in service. This behavior is especially prevalent in glassy, amorphous thermoplastics. Amorphous polymers exhibit ESC because of their loose structure which makes it easier for the fluid to permeate into the polymer. Amorphous polymers are more prone to ESC at temperature higher than their glass transition temperature (Tg) due to the increased free volume. When Tg is approached, more fluid can permeate into the polymer chains. (en)
- La frattura in ambiente attivo (ESC) è una delle cause più comuni di rottura fragile inaspettata di polimeri termoplastici (specialmente amorfi) attualmente conosciuti. Secondo ASTM D883, lo stress cracking è definito come "una cricca esterna o interna in una plastica causata da tensioni di trazione inferiori alla sua resistenza meccanica a breve termine". Questo tipo di cedimento comporta tipicamente fratture fragili, con scarsa o molta limitata deformazione plastica del materiale. Si stima che la frattura in ambiente attivo possa rappresentare circa il 15-30% di tutti i guasti dei componenti in plastica in servizio. Questo comportamento è particolarmente diffuso nei termoplastici amorfi vetrosi, ma riguarda anche i materiali semicristallini. Il cedimento per ESC avviene comunque nella fase amorfa grazie alla permeazione del fluido nel polimero. (it)
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