Exocannibalism (from Greek exo-, "from outside" and cannibalism, "to eat humans"), as opposed to endocannibalism, is the consumption of flesh outside one's close social group—for example, eating one's enemy. When done ritually, it has been associated with being a means of imbibing valued qualities of the victim or as an act of final violence against the deceased in the case of sociopathy, as well as a symbolic expression of the domination of an enemy in warfare. Such practices have been documented in cultures including the Aztecs from Mexico, the Carib and the Tupinambá from South America.
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| - Exocannibalism (en)
- Exocannibalisme (fr)
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| - Exocannibalism (from Greek exo-, "from outside" and cannibalism, "to eat humans"), as opposed to endocannibalism, is the consumption of flesh outside one's close social group—for example, eating one's enemy. When done ritually, it has been associated with being a means of imbibing valued qualities of the victim or as an act of final violence against the deceased in the case of sociopathy, as well as a symbolic expression of the domination of an enemy in warfare. Such practices have been documented in cultures including the Aztecs from Mexico, the Carib and the Tupinambá from South America. (en)
- L'exocannibalisme est une forme d'anthropophagie qui consiste à consommer des étrangers, par exemple des prises de guerre. On l'oppose à l’endocannibalisme, fait de manger des membres de son propre groupe. Lorsque effectué rituellement, l'exocannibalisme est associé à un moyen de s'imprégner des qualités valorisées de la victime ou à un acte de violence finale contre le défunt dans le cas de la sociopathie, ainsi qu'à une expression symbolique de la domination d'un ennemi en situation de guerre. (fr)
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| - Exocannibalism (from Greek exo-, "from outside" and cannibalism, "to eat humans"), as opposed to endocannibalism, is the consumption of flesh outside one's close social group—for example, eating one's enemy. When done ritually, it has been associated with being a means of imbibing valued qualities of the victim or as an act of final violence against the deceased in the case of sociopathy, as well as a symbolic expression of the domination of an enemy in warfare. Such practices have been documented in cultures including the Aztecs from Mexico, the Carib and the Tupinambá from South America. Historically, it has also been used as a practical expediency in especially desperate attritional or guerrilla warfare when the extreme hunger and the abundance of humans being killed coincide to create conditions ripe for cannibalism. Some viewed the practice of exocannibalism as an act of predation tying the action to more of a prey versus predator scenario than one of ceremonial meaning. Exocannibalism has also historically been viewed as a way to acquire the strength and ability of a defeated enemy. It serves as a final act to either intake or extinguish the existence of an enemy. Notably, the cultures that view exocannibalism as a form of predation do not view the act as taboo. (en)
- L'exocannibalisme est une forme d'anthropophagie qui consiste à consommer des étrangers, par exemple des prises de guerre. On l'oppose à l’endocannibalisme, fait de manger des membres de son propre groupe. Lorsque effectué rituellement, l'exocannibalisme est associé à un moyen de s'imprégner des qualités valorisées de la victime ou à un acte de violence finale contre le défunt dans le cas de la sociopathie, ainsi qu'à une expression symbolique de la domination d'un ennemi en situation de guerre. Historiquement, il a également été utilisé comme une opportunité pratique dans une guerre d'usure ou de guérilla particulièrement désespérée lorsque la faim extrême et l'abondance d'humains tués coïncident pour créer des conditions propices au cannibalisme. Certains considéraient la pratique de l'exocannibalisme comme un acte de prédation liant l'action à davantage un scénario de proie contre prédateur qu'à une signification cérémonielle. Ce procédé rituel a également été historiquement considéré comme un moyen d'acquérir la force et la capacité d'un ennemi vaincu. (fr)
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