| rdfs:comment
| - El tanc «Femella» era un tipus de tanc prevalent en la Primera Guerra Mundial, que tenia diverses metralladores en comptes d'armament pesant del que es podia veure en els tancs «mascles». A més a més, els tancs femella tenien normalment un paper d'anti-infanteria. (ca)
- The "Female" tank was a variation of the British heavy tank deployed during the First World War. It carried multiple machine guns instead of the mix of machine guns and cannons mounted on the "male" tank. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Swinton, who played a part in the development of the first British tank and who was co-creator of the term "tank" (originally a code word), is credited with inventing these gender-related terms, thinking that the best tank tactics would have the two types operating in concert. (en)
- El tanque hembra fue una categoría de vehículos militares blindados (sobre todo durante parte de la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-1918)), el cual tenía varias ametralladoras frontales o laterales, en lugar del armamento más pesado que se podía ver en los (el cual básicamente consistía en un cañón de grueso calibre montado en las barbetas). Como tales, los tanques “hembra” -los cuales eran naturalmente más livianos que sus contra partes “macho”- tenían un rol contra los soldados de infantería enemigos que se desplazaban a pie. (es)
|
| has abstract
| - El tanc «Femella» era un tipus de tanc prevalent en la Primera Guerra Mundial, que tenia diverses metralladores en comptes d'armament pesant del que es podia veure en els tancs «mascles». A més a més, els tancs femella tenien normalment un paper d'anti-infanteria. (ca)
- El tanque hembra fue una categoría de vehículos militares blindados (sobre todo durante parte de la Primera Guerra Mundial (1914-1918)), el cual tenía varias ametralladoras frontales o laterales, en lugar del armamento más pesado que se podía ver en los (el cual básicamente consistía en un cañón de grueso calibre montado en las barbetas). Como tales, los tanques “hembra” -los cuales eran naturalmente más livianos que sus contra partes “macho”- tenían un rol contra los soldados de infantería enemigos que se desplazaban a pie. Para el final de la Gran Guerra europea la tecnología de tanques se había desarrollado, en particular en relación con los vehículos blindados de ese tipo fabricados en el Reino Unido, hasta un punto en el que se decidió que los tanques debían ser tanto “machos” como “hembras” (es decir, que tenían tanto armamento pesado y ligero o ametralladoras). Este ha sido el modelo estándar para el diseño de tanques desde la Gran Guerra y desde entonces los términos “macho” y “hembra” no se han usado. La idea básica que subyacía al concepto de los tanques hembra fue más tarde usada en los vehículos británicos de ese tipo para la infantería en los años anteriores al inicio de la Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945). Los tanques hembra fueron usados por primera vez el 15 de septiembre de 1916 durante el transcurso de la denominada batalla del Somme, la cual por su parte constituyó una ofensiva franco-británica. Al respecto, el entonces cirujano J. N. Mac Bean Ross, quien en ese entonces pertenecía al cuerpo médico británico, escribió lo siguiente en su diario íntimo el martes 23 de enero de 1917: “Al anochecer salimos con Spinney para ver un tanque que se había atascado en tierra de nadie. […] ‘Todos nosotros estamos en él’, un tanque hembra con ametralladoras. Muy interesante de verdad”. (es)
- The "Female" tank was a variation of the British heavy tank deployed during the First World War. It carried multiple machine guns instead of the mix of machine guns and cannons mounted on the "male" tank. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Swinton, who played a part in the development of the first British tank and who was co-creator of the term "tank" (originally a code word), is credited with inventing these gender-related terms, thinking that the best tank tactics would have the two types operating in concert. The prototype, nicknamed "Mother", and the first production models of what would become referred to as the Mark I were designed to carry two six-pounder guns and three machine-guns. Swinton expressed the fear that tanks armed in such a way might be unable to protect themselves from attacks by large numbers of enemy infantry. In April 1916, it was therefore decided that half of the 150 tanks on order should be fitted with machine guns in place of the six-pounders. A new sponson was designed so that the tank could carry two Vickers machine guns, with their cooling jackets protected by armoured sleeves, on each side of the hull. Swinton's idea was that tanks should operate in pairs: a "destroyer" (Swinton's original proposed name was "Machine Gun Destroyer") and a "consort" or "man-killing" tank, so that the two gave mutual protection. He stated that he then assigned the names "male" and "female" respectively. The designation "male" applied to those armed with six-pounder guns, whereas the "female" was the tank equipped only with machine guns. A consequence of these designations was that the prototype Mother was considered a "male" tank. The design of the female sponson allowed only a very small door, which made escape from the vehicle extremely difficult. From the Mark II onwards, a new design was introduced that was smaller, incorporated Lewis or Hotchkiss guns, and allowed for much larger doors. Both male and female tanks took part in the first tank action, on September 15, 1916, at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette, part of the Somme offensive on September 15, 1916. In 1918 it was decided that tanks should be "hermaphrodite", simultaneously male and female, carrying both heavy armament and lighter machine guns. For the World War I tanks, this was achieved by fitting them with one sponson of each type. A mixed ability armament of the heavy gun and multiple machine guns also became common practice on turreted designs, without sponsons. This has become the standard model for tank designs since World War I and since then the terms "male" and "female" have been disused. The basic idea underlying the concept of female tanks was widely used in design of light tanks and the first British infantry tanks in the years leading to World War II. Some armour of the World War II period, such as the German Ferdinand tank destroyer, were exclusively "male", having only their heavy gun. These were found to be susceptible to infantry attack and so a defensive machine gun was added in the improved version, the Elefant. (en)
|
![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)
![[cxml]](/fct/images/cxml_doc.png)
![[csv]](/fct/images/csv_doc.png)
![[text]](/fct/images/ntriples_doc.png)
![[turtle]](/fct/images/n3turtle_doc.png)
![[ld+json]](/fct/images/jsonld_doc.png)
![[rdf+json]](/fct/images/json_doc.png)
![[rdf+xml]](/fct/images/xml_doc.png)
![[atom+xml]](/fct/images/atom_doc.png)
![[html]](/fct/images/html_doc.png)
