The government of the Nguyễn dynasty, officially the Southern Court (Vietnamese: Nam Triều; Hán-Nôm: 南朝) and commonly referred to as the Huế Court (Vietnamese: Triều đình Huế; Hán-Nôm: 朝廷化), centred around the emperor (皇帝, Hoàng Đế) as the absolute monarch, surrounded by various imperial agencies and ministries which stayed under the emperor's presidency. Following the signing of the Patenôtre Treaty the French took over a lot of control and while the government of the Nguyễn dynasty still nominally ruled the French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin, in reality the French maintained control over these territories and the Nguyễn government became subsidiary to the administration of French Indochina. During World War II the Japanese launched a coup d'état outsting the French and establishing