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The heel-shaped cairn, with its usually cruciform chamber, is a type of megalithic monument that is found in Scotland, especially in Caithness and Sutherland and in the Shetland Islands. In Orkney, the Isbister Cairn is the only site that is similar in shape. The chambers usually lie in a round cairn made of broken rocks, which either contemporaneously or later were surrounded by the eponymous platform, up to 20 metres wide at the front and from 1.0 to 1.5 metres high, and were partly enclosed by large kerbstones. A gentle concave exedra is characteristic of the front face.

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  • Heel-shaped Cairn (de)
  • Heel-shaped cairn (en)
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  • Der heel-shaped Cairn (deutsch absatzförmiger Steinhügel) und seine meist kreuzförmige Kammer sind eine in Schottland, primär in Caithness und Sutherland (Cairns von Camster) und auf den Shetlandinseln verbreitete Megalithanlagenform. Auf Orkney gelten der Isbister Cairn und der Head of Work als einzige Anlagen, die der Form nahekommen. (de)
  • The heel-shaped cairn, with its usually cruciform chamber, is a type of megalithic monument that is found in Scotland, especially in Caithness and Sutherland and in the Shetland Islands. In Orkney, the Isbister Cairn is the only site that is similar in shape. The chambers usually lie in a round cairn made of broken rocks, which either contemporaneously or later were surrounded by the eponymous platform, up to 20 metres wide at the front and from 1.0 to 1.5 metres high, and were partly enclosed by large kerbstones. A gentle concave exedra is characteristic of the front face. (en)
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  • Der heel-shaped Cairn (deutsch absatzförmiger Steinhügel) und seine meist kreuzförmige Kammer sind eine in Schottland, primär in Caithness und Sutherland (Cairns von Camster) und auf den Shetlandinseln verbreitete Megalithanlagenform. Auf Orkney gelten der Isbister Cairn und der Head of Work als einzige Anlagen, die der Form nahekommen. Die Kammern liegen meist in einem runden Cairn aus Bruchstein, der entweder zeitgleich oder später mit der absatzförmigen Plattform, mit bis zu 20 m Frontbreite und 1,0 bis 1,5 m Höhe umgeben wurde, die teilweise von großen Randsteinen gefasst wird. Eine leicht konkave Form aus Blocksteinen (nicht in „post and panel“ Technik) ist kennzeichnend für die Exedra mit beidseitig besonders hohen Felsblöcken. Die über einen kurzen Gang erreichbaren, oft kreuzförmigen Kammern haben eine große Kopf- und zwei kleinere Seitennischen. Sie waren mit Kraggewölben überdacht, von denen aber meist nur noch Reste vorhanden sind. Die am besten erhaltenen Anlagen dieses Typs sind Punds Water und Vementry auf den Shetlands. Weitere sind Islesburgh Cairn, Gillaburn, Pettigarths Field und Wind Hamars. Weniger gut erhalten sind Hill of Caldback, Hill of Dale, Mangaster, Muckle Heog, Turdale Water, Viville Loch und Ward of Silwick. Die Sonderform des Cairn o’ Get (auch Garrywhin genannt) ähnelt einem Rundcairn, der mit einem doppelten gehörnten „Horned Long Cairn“ mit runder Kammer überbaut wurde, wie er ansonsten in Sutherland vorkommt (Camster Round und Skelpick Long). Die zunächst runde Anlage von Vementry mit der für heel-shaped Cairns typischen Kammer, wurde in heel-shaped Form überbaut und mit der etwa 10,6 m breiten Exedra versehen. (de)
  • The heel-shaped cairn, with its usually cruciform chamber, is a type of megalithic monument that is found in Scotland, especially in Caithness and Sutherland and in the Shetland Islands. In Orkney, the Isbister Cairn is the only site that is similar in shape. The chambers usually lie in a round cairn made of broken rocks, which either contemporaneously or later were surrounded by the eponymous platform, up to 20 metres wide at the front and from 1.0 to 1.5 metres high, and were partly enclosed by large kerbstones. A gentle concave exedra is characteristic of the front face. The often cruciform chambers, accessed via a short passage, have a large recess at the head and two smaller recesses to the side. They were covered with corbelled vaults, of which however usually only remnants survive. The best-known sites of this type in Shetland are: Gillaburn, Hill of Caldback, Hill of Dale, Mangaster, Muckle Heog, Pettigarth's Field, Punds Water, Turdale Water, Vementry, Viville Loch, Ward of Silwicks and Wind Hamars. The special shape of (also Garrywhin) resembles a round cairn, which was covered by a “horned long cairn” with circular chamber, as otherwise occurs in Sutherland (Camster Round and ). At the monument of Vementry the round cairn, with the typical chamber of heel-shaped cairns, was built over in the heel-shaped form and given a roughly 10.6-metre-wide exedra. (en)
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