Instinctive drift, alternately known as instinctual drift, is the tendency of an animal to revert to unconscious and automatic behaviour that interferes with learned behaviour from operant conditioning. Instinctive drift was coined by Keller and Marian Breland, former students of B.F. Skinner at the University of Minnesota, describing the phenomenon as "a clear and utter failure of conditioning theory." B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist and father of operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning), which is learning strategy that teaches the performance of an action either through reinforcement or punishment. It is through the association of the behaviour and the reward or consequence that follows that depicts whether an animal will maintain a behaviour, or if it will become ex
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| - Instinctive drift (en)
- Instinctieve drift (nl)
- 本能漂移 (zh)
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| - 本能漂移（英文：instinctive drift），心理学术语，描述一种有机体的行為趋势：有机体即使通过，在一定環境和時間後，其習得行為也會逐漸恢復到本能行為。对于一些动物及行为，其本能行为足以干扰习得行为，并通过自我强化而占据、成为主要行为方式。 布里兰夫妇（Marian Breland Bailey & Keller Breland）首先通过浣熊试验发现了动物的这种趋势：浣熊经过长期操作性条件作用技术训练，可以学会把一枚硬币放一个盒子以换取食物的习得方式。但是它们无法习得同时把两枚硬币放到盒子中。如果放置两枚，浣熊会把硬币举起，并进行磨擦和搓揉。两枚硬币的方式却使浣熊产生了其本能行为：浣熊习惯性在进食前对食物（其主要食物来源为小龙虾）进行磨擦和冲洗。 (zh)
- Instinctive drift, alternately known as instinctual drift, is the tendency of an animal to revert to unconscious and automatic behaviour that interferes with learned behaviour from operant conditioning. Instinctive drift was coined by Keller and Marian Breland, former students of B.F. Skinner at the University of Minnesota, describing the phenomenon as "a clear and utter failure of conditioning theory." B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist and father of operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning), which is learning strategy that teaches the performance of an action either through reinforcement or punishment. It is through the association of the behaviour and the reward or consequence that follows that depicts whether an animal will maintain a behaviour, or if it will become ex (en)
- Instinctieve drift is de neiging om terug te gaan van geconditioneerd gedrag naar instinctief gedrag. Het begrip komt van en , voormalige studenten van B.F. Skinner. Skinner was de grondlegger van het behaviorisme dat stelt dat gedrag niet meer is dan enerzijds reflexen op basis van stimuli en anderzijds gebaseerd is op een geschiedenis van positieve en negatieve bekrachtigers. Bij Skinner was er dus geen sprake van instinctief gedrag. (nl)
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| - Instinctive drift, alternately known as instinctual drift, is the tendency of an animal to revert to unconscious and automatic behaviour that interferes with learned behaviour from operant conditioning. Instinctive drift was coined by Keller and Marian Breland, former students of B.F. Skinner at the University of Minnesota, describing the phenomenon as "a clear and utter failure of conditioning theory." B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist and father of operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning), which is learning strategy that teaches the performance of an action either through reinforcement or punishment. It is through the association of the behaviour and the reward or consequence that follows that depicts whether an animal will maintain a behaviour, or if it will become extinct. Instinctive drift is a phenomenon where such conditioning erodes and an animal reverts to its natural behaviour. (en)
- Instinctieve drift is de neiging om terug te gaan van geconditioneerd gedrag naar instinctief gedrag. Het begrip komt van en , voormalige studenten van B.F. Skinner. Skinner was de grondlegger van het behaviorisme dat stelt dat gedrag niet meer is dan enerzijds reflexen op basis van stimuli en anderzijds gebaseerd is op een geschiedenis van positieve en negatieve bekrachtigers. Bij Skinner was er dus geen sprake van instinctief gedrag. Dit laatste is terug te vinden bij de door Skinner ontwikkelde operante conditionering waarmee hij poogde nieuw gedrag te ontwikkelen. Breland en Breland zagen echter bij onderzoek met varkens dat deze wel geleerd kon worden om houten munten in een spaarvarken te stoppen, maar dat zij na enkele weken weer terugvielen in hun oude gedrag en gingen wroeten met de muntjes. Bij wasberen zagen ze dat deze de munten begonnen te wassen. Zowel bij de varkens als bij de wasberen overheerste uiteindelijk het natuurlijke gedrag, het instinct. De Brelands beschreven dit in 1961 in in het artikel The Misbehavior of Organisms, naar het klassieke werk van Skinner uit 1938, The Behavior of Organisms. Het artikel bracht de fundamenten van het behaviorisme in gevaar, samen met de kritiek uit 1959 van Noam Chomsky op Verbal Behavior van Skinner. Dit alles bracht de op gang waarbij meer de nadruk kwam te liggen op de cognitie. (nl)
- 本能漂移（英文：instinctive drift），心理学术语，描述一种有机体的行為趋势：有机体即使通过，在一定環境和時間後，其習得行為也會逐漸恢復到本能行為。对于一些动物及行为，其本能行为足以干扰习得行为，并通过自我强化而占据、成为主要行为方式。 布里兰夫妇（Marian Breland Bailey & Keller Breland）首先通过浣熊试验发现了动物的这种趋势：浣熊经过长期操作性条件作用技术训练，可以学会把一枚硬币放一个盒子以换取食物的习得方式。但是它们无法习得同时把两枚硬币放到盒子中。如果放置两枚，浣熊会把硬币举起，并进行磨擦和搓揉。两枚硬币的方式却使浣熊产生了其本能行为：浣熊习惯性在进食前对食物（其主要食物来源为小龙虾）进行磨擦和冲洗。 (zh)
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