John Arthur Roebuck Rudge (26 July 1837 – 3 January 1903) was a British scientific instrument maker and inventor, who lived in Bath, noted for his contributions to the development of moving pictures. He collaborated with William Friese-Greene and, around 1880, he invented a device known as the Biophantic Lantern. This rotated seven square slides around a circular lamp housing, using a movement similar to the Maltese Cross, later found in many film projectors. The light was obscured between images via a pair of ground glass shutters. The only surviving sequence - likely the only one ever made - shows Rudge taking off his own head and putting it under his arm. The trick was carried out by Friese-Greene playing the body. This lantern and the slides are now to be found in the Cinémathèque Fran
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| - John Arthur Roebuck Rudge (26 de juliol de 1837 - 3 de gener de 1903) va ser un inventor anglès i fabricant d'instruments científics per professió. Rudge va néixer a Bath i era fill de Henry Rudge, un comerciant de fusta, i Christiana, ambdós reformadors de classe mitjana. Va estar solter tota la vida. Destaca per les seves contribucions a la cinematografia. Va ser el primer anglès a produir imatges en moviment a través de fotografies muntades sobre un tambor giratori. Es considera també un precursor de l'animació amb imatges de stop-motion. (ca)
- John Arthur Roebuck Rudge (26 July 1837 – 3 January 1903) was a British scientific instrument maker and inventor, who lived in Bath, noted for his contributions to the development of moving pictures. He collaborated with William Friese-Greene and, around 1880, he invented a device known as the Biophantic Lantern. This rotated seven square slides around a circular lamp housing, using a movement similar to the Maltese Cross, later found in many film projectors. The light was obscured between images via a pair of ground glass shutters. The only surviving sequence - likely the only one ever made - shows Rudge taking off his own head and putting it under his arm. The trick was carried out by Friese-Greene playing the body. This lantern and the slides are now to be found in the Cinémathèque Fran (en)
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| - John Arthur Roebuck Rudge (26 de juliol de 1837 - 3 de gener de 1903) va ser un inventor anglès i fabricant d'instruments científics per professió. Rudge va néixer a Bath i era fill de Henry Rudge, un comerciant de fusta, i Christiana, ambdós reformadors de classe mitjana. Va estar solter tota la vida. Destaca per les seves contribucions a la cinematografia. Va ser el primer anglès a produir imatges en moviment a través de fotografies muntades sobre un tambor giratori. Es considera també un precursor de l'animació amb imatges de stop-motion. En paral·lel a la seva professió científica, Rudge va ser un artista actiu que va guanyar el sobrenom de "El Mag de la Llanterna Màgica" pels seus avançants especacles amb aquesta, que van emfatitzar una varietat de construccions intel·ligents per donar la sensació de moviment a la pantalla, incloent el Choreustoscope i el Ross Wheel of Live. (ca)
- John Arthur Roebuck Rudge (26 July 1837 – 3 January 1903) was a British scientific instrument maker and inventor, who lived in Bath, noted for his contributions to the development of moving pictures. He collaborated with William Friese-Greene and, around 1880, he invented a device known as the Biophantic Lantern. This rotated seven square slides around a circular lamp housing, using a movement similar to the Maltese Cross, later found in many film projectors. The light was obscured between images via a pair of ground glass shutters. The only surviving sequence - likely the only one ever made - shows Rudge taking off his own head and putting it under his arm. The trick was carried out by Friese-Greene playing the body. This lantern and the slides are now to be found in the Cinémathèque Française. Over the following decade Rudge came up with a series of magic lantern experiments to try to recreate movement, calling all of these 'Biophantoscopes'. All employed individually posed photographs, rather than images taken with a moving picture camera, and featured changing faces. (en)
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