John Seaton Robinson (May 4, 1856 – May 25, 1903) was a Nebraska Democratic politician. Born in Wheeling, Virginia (later West Virginia), on May 4, 1856, he studied law and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of West Virginia in 1880. He moved to Madison, Nebraska, in 1884 becoming the prosecuting attorney for Madison County, Nebraska, from 1886 to 1888 and again from 1890 to 1892. He was a judge of the Nebraska's ninth judicial district from 1893 to 1895. He was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1903) unsuccessfully running for reelection in 1902. He died in Madison on May 25, 1903, and is buried in Crownhill Cemetery in Madison.