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In linguistics and the philosophy of language, a locutionary act is the performance of an utterance, and is one of the types of force, in addition to illocutionary act and perlocutionary act, typically cited in Speech Act Theory. Speech Act Theory is a subfield of pragmatics that explores how words and sentences are not only used to present information, but also to perform actions. As an utterance, a locutionary act is considered a performative, in which both the audience and the speaker must trust certain conditions about the speech act. These conditions are called felicity conditions and are divided into three different categories: the essential condition, the sincerity condition, and the preparatory condition.

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  • Acte locutoire (fr)
  • Locutionary act (en)
  • 발화행위 (ko)
  • Directe taalhandeling (nl)
  • Ato locucionário (pt)
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  • In linguistics and the philosophy of language, a locutionary act is the performance of an utterance, and is one of the types of force, in addition to illocutionary act and perlocutionary act, typically cited in Speech Act Theory. Speech Act Theory is a subfield of pragmatics that explores how words and sentences are not only used to present information, but also to perform actions. As an utterance, a locutionary act is considered a performative, in which both the audience and the speaker must trust certain conditions about the speech act. These conditions are called felicity conditions and are divided into three different categories: the essential condition, the sincerity condition, and the preparatory condition. (en)
  • Un acte locutoire, en linguistique et dans la Philosophie de l'esprit, est le fait de produire un énoncé, et donc un acte de langage. Le terme fait autant référence au sens superficiel d’un énoncé, parce que, selon l’œuvre posthume de John Langshaw Austin How To Do Things With Words (« Quand dire c’est faire »), un acte de langage devrait être analysé comme un acte locutoire (c'est-à-dire l’énoncé à proprement parler et son sens prétendu, comprenant d’actes phonétiques, phatiques et rhétiques qui correspondent aux aspects verbaux, syntaxiques et sémantiques de n’importe quel énoncé qui a du sens. L'acte locutoire ou la dimension locutoire correspond donc au sens premier de l'énoncé), de même qu’en tant que fonction illocutoire (la sémantique de la « fonction illocutoire » de l’énoncé, donc (fr)
  • 발화행위는 언어행위의 구성요소이다. 언어학과 심리철학에서의 언어행위는 발화행위(locutionary act)와 발화수반행위(illocutionary act), 발화효과행위(perlocutionary)의 3가지 하위 행위로 구성된다고 하였다.(utterance)..평서문,의문문,명령문은 각각 진술,질문,명령의 발화수반행위와 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 이러한 문장 유형의 발화로 관련된 발화수반행위를 하는 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우를 구분하기도 한다. (직접화행, 간접화행) 직접화행 대신 간접화행을 쓰는 동기는 공손성(politeness)원리에서 찾기도 한다. 상대방의 체면(face)을 위해 간접화행을 쓰게 된다는 것이다. (ko)
  • De directe taalhandeling of locutie is dat deel van de taalhandeling dat met tekens te maken heeft. Het is een centraal begrip in de pragmatiek. Het vormt samen met de illocutie en de perlocutie de taalhandeling. Het begrip komt uit John Austins werk How To Do Things With Words (1962). (nl)
  • Em linguística e filosofia da linguagem, ato locucionário é a designação dada à categoria dos atos de fala que agrupa a dimensão linguística propriamente dita: a disposição de sons para efetivar determinada significado referencial e predicação. (pt)
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  • Un acte locutoire, en linguistique et dans la Philosophie de l'esprit, est le fait de produire un énoncé, et donc un acte de langage. Le terme fait autant référence au sens superficiel d’un énoncé, parce que, selon l’œuvre posthume de John Langshaw Austin How To Do Things With Words (« Quand dire c’est faire »), un acte de langage devrait être analysé comme un acte locutoire (c'est-à-dire l’énoncé à proprement parler et son sens prétendu, comprenant d’actes phonétiques, phatiques et rhétiques qui correspondent aux aspects verbaux, syntaxiques et sémantiques de n’importe quel énoncé qui a du sens. L'acte locutoire ou la dimension locutoire correspond donc au sens premier de l'énoncé), de même qu’en tant que fonction illocutoire (la sémantique de la « fonction illocutoire » de l’énoncé, donc son sens réel recherché), et dans certains cas plutôt en tant que fonction perlocutoire (c'est-à-dire son effet réel, qu’il soit recherché ou non). Par exemple, lorsqu’on dit « N’allez pas dans l’eau » (acte locutoire avec des caractéristiques phonétiques, syntaxiques et sémantiques distinctes), il s’agit de vous avertir de ne pas aller dans l’eau (fonction illocutoire), et si l’on tient compte de ce conseil, vous ne voudrez pas aller dans l’eau (fonction perlocutoire). Cette taxonomie des actes de langage a été léguée à John Searle, l’élève d’Austin à Oxford qui est par la suite devenu une figure influente de la théorie de l’acte de langage. (fr)
  • In linguistics and the philosophy of language, a locutionary act is the performance of an utterance, and is one of the types of force, in addition to illocutionary act and perlocutionary act, typically cited in Speech Act Theory. Speech Act Theory is a subfield of pragmatics that explores how words and sentences are not only used to present information, but also to perform actions. As an utterance, a locutionary act is considered a performative, in which both the audience and the speaker must trust certain conditions about the speech act. These conditions are called felicity conditions and are divided into three different categories: the essential condition, the sincerity condition, and the preparatory condition. The term equally refers to the surface meaning of an utterance because, according to J. L. Austin's posthumous How To Do Things With Words, a speech act should be analysed as a locutionary act (i.e. the actual utterance and its ostensible meaning, comprising phonetic, phatic, and rhetic acts corresponding to the verbal, syntactic, and semantic aspects of any meaningful utterance), as well as an illocutionary act (the semantic 'illocutionary force' of the utterance, thus its real, intended meaning), and in certain cases a further perlocutionary act (i.e. its actual effect, whether intended or not). (en)
  • 발화행위는 언어행위의 구성요소이다. 언어학과 심리철학에서의 언어행위는 발화행위(locutionary act)와 발화수반행위(illocutionary act), 발화효과행위(perlocutionary)의 3가지 하위 행위로 구성된다고 하였다.(utterance)..평서문,의문문,명령문은 각각 진술,질문,명령의 발화수반행위와 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 이러한 문장 유형의 발화로 관련된 발화수반행위를 하는 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우를 구분하기도 한다. (직접화행, 간접화행) 직접화행 대신 간접화행을 쓰는 동기는 공손성(politeness)원리에서 찾기도 한다. 상대방의 체면(face)을 위해 간접화행을 쓰게 된다는 것이다. 발화행위란 어떤 문장의 뜻과 지시를 결정하는 행위(선택된 단어,문장구조로 말미암아 일정한 뜻이 있는 것)이다. 발화수반행위란 발화행위에 뒤따라 발생하는 약속,명령,질문,진술,강요 등의 행위를 가리키며, 언어행위의 핵심이다. 발화효과행위란 발화의 결과로 듣는 이를 설득하고, 놀라게 하고, 기쁘게 하고 하는 등의 효과를 나타낸다. 평서문,의문문,명령문은 각각 진술,질문,명령의 발화수반행위와 밀접하게 연관되어 있다. 이러한 문장 유형의 발화로 관련된 발화수반행위를 하는 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우를 구분하기도 한다. (직접화행, 간접화행) 직접화행 대신 간접화행을 쓰는 동기는 공손성(politeness)원리에서 찾기도 한다. 상대방의 체면(face)을 위해 간접화행을 쓰게 된다는 것이다. (ko)
  • De directe taalhandeling of locutie is dat deel van de taalhandeling dat met tekens te maken heeft. Het is een centraal begrip in de pragmatiek. Het vormt samen met de illocutie en de perlocutie de taalhandeling. Het begrip komt uit John Austins werk How To Do Things With Words (1962). Voorbeelden van directe taalhandelingen zijn geproduceerde klanken, letters gecombineerd tot woorden en zinnen op papier, symbolen in een tekenprogramma, handgebaren, gezichtsuitdrukkingen. Het draait dus om het direct waarneembare aspect in de werkelijkheid. De gesproken zin, de klankenreeks "Weet u hoe laat het is?" heeft een letterlijke betekenis die, stel het betreft een intentionele handeling, in principe niet veel meer zegt dan dat de auteur van de toegesprokene wil horen of hij de tijd weet ja of nee. Dit contrasteert met de mogelijk bedoelde betekenis of ook het illocutionaire aspect van de taalhandeling. In de voorbeeldzin wil diegene die het vraagt niet simpelweg van de ander weten of hij ook weet hoe laat het is, maar vaak stuurt hij erop aan hem daadwerkelijk te vertellen hoe laat het is (de illocutie, en men verwacht dan een antwoord als "het is drie uur"). (nl)
  • Em linguística e filosofia da linguagem, ato locucionário é a designação dada à categoria dos atos de fala que agrupa a dimensão linguística propriamente dita: a disposição de sons para efetivar determinada significado referencial e predicação. De acordo com a teoria desenvolvida inicialmente por John Langshaw Austin e retomada por outros pesquisadores, como John Searle e Jacques Derrida, a realização dos atos de fala é a própria significação da linguagem. A primeira das três dimensões que compõem os atos de fala é o ato locucionário, que, dotado de sentido e referência, organiza formas linguísticas (fonemas, morfemas, sintagmas etc.) sintática e semanticamente a partir das regras gramaticais. O ato locucionário está integrado às outras duas dimensões: ato ilocucionário e ato perlocucionário. (pt)
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