Lyle H. Lanier (January 11, 1903 – December 30, 1988) was an American experimental psychologist and writer. As a faculty member at Vanderbilt University from 1929 to 1938, Lanier published research comparing the mental abilities of whites and blacks, alleging whites were superior. A member of the Southern Agrarians, he was a contributor to I'll Take My Stand: The South and the Agrarian Tradition.