Matthew Medbourne (died 1680) was an English stage actor and occasional playwright of the Restoration era. A long-standing member of the Duke's Theatre, Medbourne was a victim of the Popish Plot scare and died in Newgate Prison. In October 1678 Medbourne was accused of High Treason during the scare of Popish Plot. He was arrested and imprisoned in Newgate the following month. Increasingly ill during his confinement he died on 19 March 1680.