The Messinian Erosional Crisis is a phase in the Messinian evolution of the central Mediterranean basin resulting from major drawdown of the Mediterranean seawater (the "Messinian Salinity Crisis"). As outlined in numerous studies, erosional events along the margins of the Mediterranean Basin during the Messinian timespan, before and during the evaporite deposition, were common. Those authors showed that also predating the deposition of the first cycle of evaporites, a major erosional phase can be observed along the basin margins, corresponding to a major "relative sea level drop", associated with tectonic activity (marking the end of the so-called "Mes-1" unconformity bound depositional sequence). Following this assumption that this major event corresponds to the major Messinian drawdown,
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| - Messinian erosional crisis (en)
- 墨西拿期侵蝕危機 (zh)
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| - The Messinian Erosional Crisis is a phase in the Messinian evolution of the central Mediterranean basin resulting from major drawdown of the Mediterranean seawater (the "Messinian Salinity Crisis"). As outlined in numerous studies, erosional events along the margins of the Mediterranean Basin during the Messinian timespan, before and during the evaporite deposition, were common. Those authors showed that also predating the deposition of the first cycle of evaporites, a major erosional phase can be observed along the basin margins, corresponding to a major "relative sea level drop", associated with tectonic activity (marking the end of the so-called "Mes-1" unconformity bound depositional sequence). Following this assumption that this major event corresponds to the major Messinian drawdown, (en)
- 墨西拿期侵蝕危機（英語：Messinian erosional crisis），是地中海盆地中部在墨西拿期間演化的一個階段，侵蝕是由於地中海海水的大幅度下降（“墨西拿鹽度危機”）造成的。在地中海盆地邊緣，于墨西拿期間侵蝕事件是很常見, 在蒸發岩沉積之前和沉積期間均有侵蝕事件。在第一個蒸發岩沉積旋回之前，沿著盆地邊緣可以觀察到一個主要的侵蝕階段，這是由構造活動引起的相對海平面下降。此不整合面被定爲Mes-1沉積層序的頂界。根據此假設，Bache等人(2009) 得出的結論是，在盆地中央蒸發岩沉澱之前，地中海深度有顯著的上升。Van Dijk等人稱此為駝背現象。根據這些研究，墨西拿期蒸發岩在盆地中央是深水形成似乎不太可能。如果盆地中央的蒸發岩是部分深水沉積，則在主要侵蝕階段之后。碎屑沉積物應該存在盆地蒸發岩之上。但此現象并未在盆地中央發現，而碎屑沉積物僅局限於盆地邊緣區域的楔狀體中。 另一個主要論點是沿盆地大陸邊緣的侵蝕性深峽谷。它們的形成和海平面大幅下降有關。事實上，它們已經被幾位作者描述過 。 這些深峽谷大多數被早期上新世的沉積物所充填。這種現象可以用兩種方式解釋：大的海平面下降，或邊緣的構造抬升。因此，它不能證明成原深盆地歷經干燥過程的真實證據。 (zh)
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| - The Messinian Erosional Crisis is a phase in the Messinian evolution of the central Mediterranean basin resulting from major drawdown of the Mediterranean seawater (the "Messinian Salinity Crisis"). As outlined in numerous studies, erosional events along the margins of the Mediterranean Basin during the Messinian timespan, before and during the evaporite deposition, were common. Those authors showed that also predating the deposition of the first cycle of evaporites, a major erosional phase can be observed along the basin margins, corresponding to a major "relative sea level drop", associated with tectonic activity (marking the end of the so-called "Mes-1" unconformity bound depositional sequence). Following this assumption that this major event corresponds to the major Messinian drawdown, Bache et al. (2009) concluded that the Mediterranean bathymetry significantly decreased before the precipitation of central basin evaporites. Van Dijk et al. (1998) had termed this end member scenario the "Hunchback Scenario". Regarding these works, a deep water formation for central Messinian evaporites seems unlikely. The assumption that central basin evaporites partly deposited under a high bathymetry and before the major phase of erosion should imply the observation of a major detritic event above evaporites in the basin. Such a depositional geometry has not been observed on data, as the detritic wedges are merely confined to the basin marginal areas. Another major point of discussion regards the presence of erosional deep canyons along the continental margins of the Basins. These should be expected to be present because of the assumption of a major sea level drop. In fact, they have been described by several authors (summarized in e.g. Clauzon et al., 1996). Most of them are infilled by early Pliocene sediments. As outlined in van Dijk et al. (1998) this phenomenon can be explained in two ways: A major eustatic sea level drop, or a tectonic uplift of the margins (as one associated with a minor sea level drop). It constitutes, therefore, not a real proof for the desiccation of an existing originally deep basin. The third much-disputed element is the recognition of the so-called "MES", the Messinian Erosional Surface. This surface can well be traced in seismic sections along the Basin margins, showing angular and non-angular unconformities, somewhere within the evaporite deposits, or between evaporite and non-evaporite deposits. Nice examples are shown by Roveri et al. (2008). As already extensively discussed in van Dijk (1992), the erosional surfaces within the Messinian clastic and evaporitic and mixed series are often confused. Only very high resolution and complete series such as those in the Crotone Basin in Calabria can solve this matter, and the authors have shown that the erosional surfaces and there probable relationships with relative sea level fluctuations and tectonic activity can be mapped well (see review in van Dijk et al., 1998). (en)
- 墨西拿期侵蝕危機（英語：Messinian erosional crisis），是地中海盆地中部在墨西拿期間演化的一個階段，侵蝕是由於地中海海水的大幅度下降（“墨西拿鹽度危機”）造成的。在地中海盆地邊緣，于墨西拿期間侵蝕事件是很常見, 在蒸發岩沉積之前和沉積期間均有侵蝕事件。在第一個蒸發岩沉積旋回之前，沿著盆地邊緣可以觀察到一個主要的侵蝕階段，這是由構造活動引起的相對海平面下降。此不整合面被定爲Mes-1沉積層序的頂界。根據此假設，Bache等人(2009) 得出的結論是，在盆地中央蒸發岩沉澱之前，地中海深度有顯著的上升。Van Dijk等人稱此為駝背現象。根據這些研究，墨西拿期蒸發岩在盆地中央是深水形成似乎不太可能。如果盆地中央的蒸發岩是部分深水沉積，則在主要侵蝕階段之后。碎屑沉積物應該存在盆地蒸發岩之上。但此現象并未在盆地中央發現，而碎屑沉積物僅局限於盆地邊緣區域的楔狀體中。 另一個主要論點是沿盆地大陸邊緣的侵蝕性深峽谷。它們的形成和海平面大幅下降有關。事實上，它們已經被幾位作者描述過 。 這些深峽谷大多數被早期上新世的沉積物所充填。這種現象可以用兩種方式解釋：大的海平面下降，或邊緣的構造抬升。因此，它不能證明成原深盆地歷經干燥過程的真實證據。 第三個備受爭議的是對所謂的MES，即墨西拿期侵蝕面的認識。在沿盆地邊緣的地震剖面中，可以在蒸發岩中或蒸發岩和非蒸發岩之間，追踪該反射面，呈顯為角度和非角度不整合面。 墨西拿期碎屑岩和蒸發岩内的的侵蝕面經常被混淆。只有具高分辨率和完整的地層，例如在卡拉布里亞（英語：Calabria）的克羅託內（英語：Crotone）盆地，才能解決這個問題。在此盆地内，侵蝕面與相對的海平面波動和構造活動已建立可能的對比關係。 (zh)
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